проект "Мои первые впечатления о Нью-Йорке"

                                                       Комитет образования администрации

                                     Балаковского  муниципального образования Саратовской области

                                                                          МАОУ СОШ №19

Мое первое впечатление о Нью-Йорке

                                                                         Проект                

                                                                                                              Подготовил                                                                                                                                                                                                

                                                                                                              Обучающийся  9Б класса

                                                                                                               Белов  Дмитрий

                                                                                                                    Руководитель проекта

                                                                                                           Учитель английского  языка

                                                                                                           Коновалова С.Ю                                                                                                                                                                                

                                                                Балаково 2018                                                                                

                                                   Цели проекта:

1. Рассказать о Нью-Йорке, о его достопримечательностях.
2. Выразить свои впечатления о виртуальной поездке в Нью-Йорк.
3.  Оценить основные достоинства и недостатки  интересных мест Нью - Йорка.

Основная гипотеза проекта:

Стоит ли посетить Нью-Йорк?

Методы исследования

Я использовал такие методы исследования, как работа с литературой и интернет-ресурсами, сбор материала по теме; изучение и анализ, сопоставление результатов исследования.

Вывод:

   Нью-Йорк оставил во мне много эмоций, не только позитивных, но и негативных. Вся красота этого города  необычна для простого русского человека. Однако, проблема в том, что на улицах много бездомных, в центре Манхэттена не самые лучшие дороги из-за огромного количества пробок, в аэропортах  большое количество очередей, метро не в лучшем состоянии.

   Но когда вы видите достопримечательности этого города, его знаменитые на весь мир небоскрёбы,  или вы наблюдаете этот город с высоты Эмпайр-стейт-билдинг, он захватывает дух, и кажется, что это сон. Там есть так много красивых мест, добрых людей, что хочется забыть обо всех минусах этого города и просто наслаждаться им. Хотя  каждый человек должен выбирать сам, но я все-таки рекомендую посетить Нью-Йорк, если будет такая возможность. Лично я  мечтаю об этом.

                                                   Содержание:

1. Введение                                                                               с. 1
2. Основная часть                                                                     с. 3 - 10

1. Статуя свободы
2. Эмпайр-стейт-билдинг
3. Центральный парк
4. Собор святого Патрика
5. Рокфеллеровский Центр
6. Брайтон - Бич

3. Заключение                                                                           с. 11
4. Список литературы и интернет-ресурсов                          с. 12

Statue of Liberty

The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, a gift from the people of  France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886.

The Statue of Liberty is a figure of a robed woman representing Libertas, a Roman liberty goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a tabula ansata inscribed in Roman numerals with "JULY IV MDCCLXXVI" (July 4, 1776), the date of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue became an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad.

Bartholdi was inspired by a French law professor and politician, Édouard René de Laboulaye, who is said to have commented in 1865 that any monument raised to U.S. independence would properly be a joint project of the French and American peoples. Because of the post-war instability in France, work on the statue did not commence until the early 1870s. In 1875, Laboulaye proposed that the French finance the statue and the U.S. provide the site and build the pedestal. Bartholdi completed the head and the torch-bearing arm before the statue was fully designed, and these pieces were exhibited for publicity at international expositions.

The torch-bearing arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, and in Madison Square Park in  Manhattan from 1876 to 1882. Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on the pedestal was threatened by lack of funds. Publisher Joseph Pulitzer, of the New York World, started a drive for donations to finish the project and attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland.

The statue was administered by the United States Lighthouse Board until 1901 and then by the Department of War; since 1933 it has been maintained by the National Park Service. Public access to the balcony around the torch has been barred for safety since 1916.

Impression of the Statue of Liberty

The Statue of Liberty in films looks bigger, but in real life it still leaves pleasant impressions when you see it near, your heart starts beating more often. On the island you also get an audio guide (it even is in Russian). We had it included in the ticket price, very convenient thing.

Empire State Building

Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Designed by Shreve, Lamb & Harmon and completed in 1931, the building has a roof height of 1,250 feet (380 m) and stands a total of 1,454 feet (443.2 m) tall, including its antenna. Its name is derived from "Empire State", the nickname of  New York. As of 2017 the building is the 5th-tallest completed skyscraper in the United States and the 28th-tallest in the world. It is also the 6th-tallest freestanding structure in the Americas.

The site of the Empire State Building, located on the west side of  Fifth Avenue between West 33rd and 34th Streets, was originally part of an early 18th century farm. In the late 1820s, it came into the possession of the prominent Astor family, with John Jacob Astor's descendants building the Waldorf–Astoria Hotel on the site in the 1890s. By the 1920s, the family had sold the outdated hotel and the site indirectly ended up under the ownership of Empire State Inc., a business venture that included businessman John J. Raskob and former New York governor Al Smith. The original design of the Empire State Building was a for a 50-story office building. However, after fifteen revisions, the final design was for a 86-story 1,250-foot building, with an airship mast on top. This ensured it would be the world's tallest building, beating the Chrysler Building and 40 Wall Street, two other Manhattan skyscrapers under construction at the time that were also vying for that distinction.

Demolition of the Waldorf–Astoria began in October 1929, and the foundation of the Empire State Building was excavated before demolition was even complete. Construction on the building itself started on March 17, 1930, with an average construction rate of one floor per day. A well-coordinated schedule meant that the 86 stories were topped out on September 19, six months after construction started, and the mast was completed by November 21. From that point, interior work proceeded at a quick pace, and it was opened on May 1, 1931, thirteen and a half months after the first steel beam was erected. Despite the publicity surrounding the building's construction, its owners failed to make a profit until the early 1950s. However, it has been a popular tourist attraction since opening, with around 4 million visitors to the building's 86th and 102nd floor observatories every year.

The Empire State Building stood as the world's tallest building for nearly 40 years until the completion of the World Trade Center's North Tower in Lower Manhattan in late 1970. Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, it was again the tallest building in New York until the new One World Trade Center was completed in April 2012.

The Empire State Building is an American cultural icon and has been featured in more than 250 TV shows and movies since the film King Kong was released in 1933. A symbol of New York City, the tower has been named as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The Empire State Building and its ground-floor interior have been designated as a city landmark by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, and were confirmed as such by the New York City Board of Estimate. It was also designated a National Historic Landmark in 1986, and was ranked number one on the American Institute of Architects' List of America's Favorite Architecture in 2007.

Impressions of the Empire State Building

Look from the height .You need to see this with your own eyes. When the tops of skyscrapers are somewhere below, covers some unreality of what is happening. Very unusual. The whole of New York is as big as the palm of your hand .There are  types of tickets to the Empire State Building. The purchase of the ticket "Sunrise to the Empire State Building" cost $ 100 for all ages. It's quite expensive, but the memories that will be received are worth it.   

Central Park

Central Park is an urban park in Manhattan, New York City, U.S., state of  New York. It comprises 843 acres (341 ha) between the Upper West Side and Upper East Side, roughly bounded by Fifth Avenue on the east, Central Park West (Eighth Avenue) on the west, Central Park South (59th Street) on the south, and Central Park North (110th Street) on the north. Central Park is the most visited urban park in the United States, with 40 million visitors in 2013, and one of the most filmed locations in the world.

The park was established in 1857 on 778 acres (315 ha) of land acquired by the city. In 1858, landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and architect/landscape designer Calvert Vaux won a design competition to improve and expand the park with a plan they titled the "Greensward Plan". Construction began the same year, and the park's first area was opened to the public in the winter of 1858. Construction north of the park continued during the American Civil War in the 1860s, and the park was expanded to its current size in 1873. After a period of decline in the early 20th century, Robert Moses started a program to clean up Central Park. Another decline in the late 20th century spurred the creation of the Central Park Conservancy in 1980, which refurbished many parts of the park during the 1980s and 1990s.

Central Park was designated a National Historic Landmark by the U.S. Department of the Interior in 1962, which in April 2017 placed it on the tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage sites. The park, managed for decades by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, is currently managed by the Central Park Conservancy under contract with the municipal government in a public-private partnership. The Conservancy is a non-profit organization that contributes 75 percent of Central Park's $65 million annual budget and is responsible for all basic care of the 843-acre park.

Impression of the Central Park

The best park in the world!
It's a whole mini universe! Meadows, forests, lakes and rocks, a boat station, a zoo, cafes and toilets - all this fits here so harmoniously and naturally that it is simply lost in the vastness of Central Park. Do not visit this place as a tourist attraction - just spend time here: go for a run, arrange a picnic, walk without thinking and without any purpose.

St. Patrick's Cathedral

The land on which the present cathedral stands was purchased in 1810. The Jesuit community built a college on the site, three miles north of the city. It contained a "fine old house" which was fitted with a chapel of St. Ignatius. The school closed in 1814 and the Jesuits sold the lot to the diocese. In 1813, the diocese gave use of the property to Dom Augustin LeStrange, abbot of a community of  Trappists (from the original monastery of La Trappe) who came to America fleeing persecution by French authorities. In addition to a small monastic community, they also looked after some thirty-three orphans. With the downfall of  Napoleon in that year, the Trappists returned to France in 1815, abandoning the property. The property at this point was designated for a future cemetery. The neighboring orphanage was maintained by the diocese into the late nineteenth century. Some of the Trappists resettled to Canada and eventually founded St. Joseph's Abbey in Spencer, Massachusetts.

Bishop DuBois reopened the chapel in 1840 for Catholics employed at the Deaf and Dumb Asylum and in the general neighborhood. A modest frame church was built for the parish of  St. John the Evangelist and dedicated May 9, 1841 by the Rev. John Hughes, administrator of the diocese. Tickets were sold to the dedication to ease the parish's debt level, managed by a lay Board of Trustees, but to no avail and the property mortgage was finally foreclosed on and the church sold at auction in 1844. The stress is said to have contributed to the death that year of the church's pastor, the Rev. Felix Larkin. The experience was blamed on the management of the trustees and this incident is said to have played a significant role in the abolishment of the lay trusteeship, which occurred shortly thereafter. The young and energetic Rev. Michael A. Curran was appointed to raise funds for the devastated parish, and shortly fitted up an old college hall as a temporary church. Fr. Curran continued raising funds to buy back the church during the Great Famine in Ireland, eventually succeeding and taking the deed in his own name. "The site of St. Patrick's Cathedral, hence, came to the Church through the labors of this young priest and the self-denial of his countrymen and not by the gift of the city." The debt was finally all paid for by 1853 when it was clear a large church was needed and the site was selected as appropriate for the new cathedral.

Impression of St. Patrick's Cathedral

Beautiful Gothic cathedral in the heart of NY. It looks quite old, I can not believe that it's neo-Gothic, and that the cathedral is less than 200 years old. By the way, he is so unsuccessfully surrounded by Manhattan skyscrapers, that you can just walk past 5th Avenue and not pay attention to it! The bronze doors of the cathedral, which look just on 5th avenue, are very beautiful.

Rockefeller Center

Rockefeller Center is a large complex consisting of 19 commercial buildings covering 22 acres (89,000 m2) between 48th and 51st Streets, facing Fifth Avenue, in New York City. Commissioned by the Rockefeller family, it is located in the center of Midtown Manhattan. The 14 original Art Deco buildings span the area between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, split by a large sunken square and a private street called Rockefeller Plaza. Five International Style buildings, built later, are located on the west side of Sixth Avenue and at the head of Rockefeller Plaza.

In 1928, the site's then-owner, Columbia University, leased the land to John D. Rockefeller Jr., who was the main person behind the complex's construction. Originally envisioned as the site for a new Metropolitan Opera building, the current Rockefeller Center came about after the opera could not afford to move to the proposed new building. Various plans were discussed before the current one was approved in 1932. Construction of  Rockefeller Center started in 1931, and the first buildings opened in 1933. The core of the complex was completed by 1939.

Rockefeller Center has two parts: the original center and the later International-style buildings. The original center has several sections: Radio City, for RCA's radio-related enterprises such as the Music Hall and 30 Rockefeller Plaza; the International Complex, for foreign tenants; and the remainder of the original complex, which originally hosted printed media as well as Eastern Air Lines. While 600 Fifth Avenue is located at the southeast corner of the complex and contains architecture similar to the original complex, it was built by private interests in the 1950s and was only acquired by the center in 1963.

Impression of  Rockefeller Center

A very interesting place for walking, in the autumn and winter time of the center, there is an ice rink, there are a bunch of restaurants, one of them with a view to the ice rink, very beautiful. There is a wonderful lego shop, a gift shop and other shops. Also I advise you to visit Top of the Rock.

Brighton Beach (Little Odessa)

Brighton Beach is an oceanside neighborhood in the southern portion of  the  New York City borough of Brooklyn, along the Coney Island peninsula. According to the 2010 United States Census report, the Brighton Beach and Coney Island area, combined, had more than 110,000 residents. Brighton Beach is bounded by Coney Island proper at Ocean Parkway to the west, Manhattan Beach at Corbin Place to the east, Sheepshead Bay at the Belt Parkway to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south along the beach and boardwalk.

It is known for its high population of  Russian-speaking immigrants, and as a summer destination for New York City residents due to its beaches along the Atlantic Ocean and its proximity to the amusement parks in Coney Island.

Impression of  Brighton Beach

Brighton Beach is not a tourist attraction. There it is simply pleasant to visit, many signboards in Russian, Russian-speaking people, feel a special atmosphere, as if you are again in Russia.

Conclusion

It is the most popular city in the world. It left a lot of g emotions, not only positive, but also negative. All the beauty of the city is unusual for a simple Russian person. The problem is that there are a lot of homeless people on the streets, in the center of Manhattan are not the best roads because of the huge number of traffic jams, the airports are in big queues, the metro is not in the best condition.

But when you see the sights of this city, you see this city from the Empire State Building , it is breathtaking and it seems that this is a dream. There are many so many beautiful places, kind people, that you want to forget about all the minuses of this city and just enjoy it.

 Is New York worth seeing?

I think, after the described, I gave an answer to this question, but everyone still has to decide for himself. Personally, I like this city despite all its minuses and I'd like to visit it and advise you too.

Introduction

What is New York?        

The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2017 population of 8,622,698 distributed over a land area of about 302.6 square miles (784 km2), New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass and one of the world's most populous metacities, with an estimated 20.3 million people in its 2017 Metropolitan Statistical Area and 23.7 million residents in its Combined Statistical Area. A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, and sports. The city's fast pace defines the term New York minute. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.

Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors  New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of the State of  New York. The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten  Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. New York City is home to more than 3.2 million residents born outside the United States, the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world. In 2013, the tri-state  New York Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.4 trillion. If greater New York City were a sovereign state, it would have the 12th highest GDP in the world.

New York City traces its origins to a trading post founded by colonists from the Dutch Republic in 1624 on Lower Manhattan; the post was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York. New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the country's largest city since 1790. The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a world symbol of the United States and its ideals of liberty and peace. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance, and environmental sustainability, and as a symbol of freedom and cultural diversity.

List of used literature and Internet resources

1. Melinda Corey. New York Public Library Book of Answers. Touchstone, 1993.
2. Literary New York: Four Writers’ City Highlights. Andrew Stone.

3. https://ru.wikipedia.org  Русская энциклопедия.
4. https://en.wikipedia.org  Английская энциклопедия.
5. https://www.tripadvisor.ru  Отзывы о местах в Нью-Йорке.
6. http://www.esbnyc.com  Официальный сайт Эмпайр-Стейт-Билдинг.
7. https://www.nps.gov/stli/index.htm  Официальный сайт Статуи свободы.