PARKS AND GARDENS OF GREAT CAPITALS (LONDON, MOSCOW)

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The aim: to find out the importance of parks and gardens for people in big cities. The tasks: to find some interesting facts about parks and gardens of Moscow and London. to compare the parks and gardens of these capitals. to find out if teenagers like to spend their free time in parks and gardens.

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“park” is “an area of land for recreation in a city or a town” and “ an area of lawns, woodland, etc. “ The word “garden” in a city or a town means “public recreation area or park” (The new PENGUIN compact English dictionary, published by the Penguin Group, London WC2R ORL, England)

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There are many blocks of flats, terraced houses, palaces, churches, offices, factories and other buildings in all big cities. form cities and towns, give them individuality or unusual view, keep history; they are homes for people Buildings in cities and towns make them grey, boring, dead or lifeless; they don’t clean the air in the city

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People are a part of nature and cannot live without it. They created parks and gardens in their cities and towns to be closer to nature, to spend their free time and relax there. Nowadays citizens call parks and gardens the ‘green lungs ’ of the city. Parks are perfect for family walks, picnics and various concerts and events . P arks and gardens offer large grass areas and paths for sports and other activities (tennis, horse-riding, roller skating, golf…)

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Parks and gardens of great capitals London Moscow

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Parks and Gardens London Moscow Amount: 33 parks and gardens, 9 Royal Parks and Gardens 96 parks and 18 gardens, Including 4 botanical gardens Area: 7.5 sq meters of parks per person 27sq meters of parks per person The oldest park s The Royal Parks (St. James’s Park, Hyde Park, Green park…) Losiny Ostrov National Park, Sokolniki Park, the Park of Kuskovo and others The largest park Richmond Park - 9.55 km2 (2,360 acres) The total area of Losiny Ostrov National Park is 116.21 km², (28,717 acres ). They have: ponds and lakes, monuments, sculptures, fountains, palaces, amusements, paths and grounds for doing sports, London Zoo, places for concerts, wild animals fountains, sculptures, amusements in summer and winter, monuments, palaces, ponds and lakes, paths and grounds for doing sports, places for concerts, wild animals

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London’s and Moscow’s parks have differences The Royal parks of London have always been the property of the Royal family. The rest of the parks and gardens belong to the state. All parks of Moscow are the property of the state now. London’s Royal parks are free. A lot of Moscow’s parks are free on weekdays and you have to pay to enter them at weekends. The total area of London’s parks is smaller than the area of the parks in Moscow. There are no zoos in Moscow’s parks. Moscow’s parks have “Snow or Frost towns” in winter. Each park has its history, architecture and special places (Speaker’s corner, etc.). The parks have different views, plants and animals.

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London’s and Moscow’s parks have much in common The oldest parks of both capitals belonged to the royal or tsar’s families and rich people. They were private hunting grounds (areas) of princes, kings or tsars. Wild animals live in the parks and gardens. Parks have a lot of kinds of trees and flowers. Many parks of both capitals have rose gardens. The parks have ponds or lakes. They have special places for entertainment, sport grounds. There are palaces, museums and other historical buildings in the parks. The parks are decorated with sculptures, monuments, fountains. The parks and gardens are a fine place to rest, to relax or have a family picnic. The citizens of both capitals call their parks “green lungs of the city”

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9 Royal Parks and Gardens 4 Council parks 6 Garden squares A lot of green open spaces

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There are nine Royal Parks and Gardens in London and its sububs : Hyde Park Kensington Gardens Regent’s Park St . James’s Park Green Park Bushy Park Greenwich Park Richmond Park Botanic Kew Gardens

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Hyde Park It is one of the largest parks in central London . It covers 350 acres (1.4 sq km ).

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The most well-known section of the park is the “Speakers Corner ,” a place where anyone can speak their mind.

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Hyde Park was founded in 1536. King Henry VIII used it as a deer park. It was a private hunting ground. King Charles I opened the park to the general public in 1637.

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In 1689, King William III moved into Notthingham House on the far side of Hyde Park. He renamed it Kensington Palace. He laid a road linking the palace to St James's Palace, and called the road Route du Roi . However it was mispronounced in English, and became known as Rotten Row instead.

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Hyde Park Hyde Park continues into Kensington Gardens ( 275 acres ).

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Parks and gardens of Moscow There are 96 parks and 18 gardens in Moscow , including 4 botanical gardens . There are also 450 square kilometres of green zones besides 100 square kilometres of forests .

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The most famous parks in Moscow: The Central Park of Culture and Rest , (named after Maxim Gorky, founded in 1928) Izmaylovsky Par k ( created in 1931 ) Sokolniki Park ( was created by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich - father of Peter the Great) Losiny Ostrov National Park ( was Russia's first national park) Botanical Garden of Academy of Sciences ( was founded in 1945, is the largest in Europe) Tsaritsino Park (a unique architectural and landscape ensemble of the XVIII century)

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It is named after the falcon hunting. It is one of the oldest and largest parks in Moscow. Sokolniki Park

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It was established as a public park in 1878. In 1931 it got its new official name "park of culture and leisure".

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Today Sokolniki is a typical Russian park. There is an amusement park and all kinds of seasonal entertainments, such as horse riding in summertime or ice-skating in winter.

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Sokolniki Park in winter

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The government of Sokolniki is going to make reconstructions in the park in 2012 - 2016

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The questions: Have you ever been to the parks of London or Moscow? 2) Do you think modern cities need parks and gardens? 3) Do you like to spend your free time in parks and gardens? 4) What do you usually do in parks and gardens?

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The answers: Question № 4 To go for a walk, to ride a bike, to roller skate, to run, to feed birds and squirrels , to enjoy nature, to read books, to have fun in amusement parks, to relax.

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In conclusion Parks and gardens play a great role in the lives of the capitals: They are very important for citizens. They make the capitals more beautiful. They make the air of the cities cleaner. They keep the history of the country. Scientists study the plants of the parks and gardens and work there. Parks and gardens are homes for wild animals. There are more parks and gardens in Moscow than in London.( There are 7.5 sq meters of parks per person in London and 27sq meters of parks per person in Moscow). The citizens should take care of the parks and gardens constantly.

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USED LITERATURE / SOURCES: Enjoy English. M.Z. Biboletova , a textbook for the students of 5 – 6 th forms The new PENGUIN compact English dictionary, published by the Penguin Group, London WC2R ORL, England) Dictionary Of Great Britain ( Russky Yazyk Publishers, 2000) The Internet (the sites of London and Moscow’s parks and gardens)

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Thank you for your attention! Enjoy your parks and gardens and take care of them!