презентации Проблемы окружающей среды

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About the ozone layer of the Earth is known that too many inhabitants of the planet only that it appeared a huge hole, and it threatens universal catastrophe. And then in the newspapers and magazines there are articles where people are afraid of the potential problems. Scientists say about the coming climate change that will negatively affect all life on Earth. Whether so it actually? Should I be concerned now, and not whether scientists exaggerate the scale of impending doom? Are we threatened in the near future the depletion of the ozone layer, and how it can affect the climate? We will try to understand.

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In 1985 was adopted the Convention for the protection of the ozone layer. Signatures under it were put by the representatives of 44 States. After a year signed another important document — the Montreal Protocol. Under its provisions, the world was substantially restricted the production and consumption of substances that destroy the ozone. Some tried to resist these prohibitions. But for each country was clearly defined quotas in a dangerous industry that should not be exceeded. After all, at stake is the fate of all mankind.

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In our country this problem is also paying a lot of attention. According to the current legislation of the Russian Federation the ozone layer is one of the important natural sites. It should be protected. The law "On environmental protection" reglamentary protective measures aimed at the protection of this natural site from damage, pollution, destruction and exhaustion. In article 56 of the Act describes the activities for the protection of the ozone layer of the Earth. Among them: organization of observation of this natural object. continuous monitoring of the changing state of the climate, which is influenced by the activity of economic entities or other processes; strict compliance with standards for emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere; regulation of the production of chemicals that destroy the ozone layer; the application of penalties and punishments for violation of these requirements. There are several international organizations and inspections, which are carefully monitored, as are measures to protect the ozone layer in the different countries of the world.

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The ozone layer is not only an umbrella for ultraviolet radiation, but also a kind of cover for the Ground. It traps the heat that is dissipated from the surface of our planet. The thinner the ozone layer, the faster the warm air near the Ground is cooled. As the researchers note, the temperature of the planet gradually, year after year, is reduced. It promotes change in the prevailing winds. Weather is extremely changeable.

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There are many simple ways to protect the ozone layer. Here are some of them.Try to rarely use aerosols or sprays buy the new generation, on which is written "does Not destroy the ozone layer" (or Ozone friendly). This label ensures that the product does not contain chlorofluorocarbons that Deplete the ozone layer over our planet.At least for one day, refrain from using a personal car, and for trips around town, use public transport or bike . The intended target once a year to plant at least one tree. Trees, flowers and other vegetation, not only beautify our life, but also perform many important functions: produce necessary for life oxygen, trap dust and harmful emissions, regulate the temperature regime, etc . When buying a refrigerator, air conditioner and other household appliances choose energy-efficient models. Moreover, all these equipment must be fully serviceable. Otherwise, these useful household appliances can be the cause of refrigerant leakage into the atmosphere . Note how the extinguisher hangs you at work or at home. Possible do not use fire-extinguisher charge which include halogenated hydrocarbons. Safe for the environment alternative: carbon dioxide or air-foam fire extinguishers.

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The ozone layer – the protective sarcophagus of the Earth The ozone layer serves as a kind of screen, which retains the rays of the Sun. As a consequence of human actions its thickness rapidly decreases, which is already a harbinger of environmental disaster, which will not keep itself waiting long . The ozone layer is destroyed as a result of emissions of CFCs. These substances are persistent gaseous structure that is not prone to any chemical reactions in the earth's surface. At room temperature they are very easy to boil, increasing its volume. Such substances are often used in the composition of the aerosol.

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The Destruction Of The Ozone Layer The destruction of the ozone layer is on the brink of a natural disaster . The ozone layer is the stratosphere, which is located at 12 – 50 km above the earth's surface. In the minimum density only 0.0001% of the ozone background neutralizing all lethal ultraviolet radiation coming from the Sun. Regarding the adverse impact of solar bursts we already know, because many magnetic storms interfere with life . Ozone depletion may lead to serious and dire consequences for all life on our planet. Already marked suppression of the growth of a lot of vegetation and a massive deterioration in productivity and a dramatic drop in the mass of phytoplankton of the world ocean, and some animals begin to go blind.

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The ozone hole The ozone hole – can they grow and how devastating their emergence ? Ozone holes appear in the result of a sharp reduction in the thickness of the protective screen of the Earth. They can be the result of firing objects into space or the ravages of chlorine or bromine in the atmosphere. Drag these holes long, and in some cases it is not happening. During the polar nights, new ozone is not formed because of lack of ultraviolet radiation . The formation of ozone holes leads to the fact that the destructive energy of the Sun and its radiation penetrates to the earth and leads to cancer. In addition, the increased number of deaths among flora and fauna, as well as the global climate shows your changes. As a result of global warming.

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The consequences of the destruction of the ozone layer The consequences of the destruction of the ozone layer to monopolistically examples. So, 1% reduction of the ozone layer causes a 4% leap in the spread of skin cancer. Causing skin cancer and the aging process, ultraviolet rays at the same time suppress the immune system, which leads to emergence , viral, parasitic and other diseases, which include measles, chickenpox, malaria, herpes, tuberculosis, leprosy etc. Tens of millions of inhabitants of the planet completely or partially lost his sight due to cataracts - a disease that occurs as a result of increased solar radiation . The growth of the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation causes degradation of ecosystems and gene pool of flora and fauna, reduces crop yields and the productivity of the World ocean . To ultraviolet rays is very sensitive conifers and cereals, vegetables, melons, sugar cane and legumes. The experimental data indicate that the growth of some plants is constrained by existing radiation levels.

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Conclusion: The main objective to reduce ozone depletion in the field of transport should be a reduction or elimination of hazardous emissions or other negative impacts of the transport sector on the environment . The main goal in the field of industrial development should be to minimize the negative impact on the atmosphere through, in particular, improving efficiency in production and consumption by industry of all resources and materials . The primary goal in land management is to reduce the level of air pollution and limiting the amount of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases . In the chemical industry, we have to reduce production of CFCs and HCFCs.

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Environmental Protection People always polluted their surroundings. But until now pollution was not such a serious problem. People lived in rural areas and did not produce such amount of polluting agents that would cause a dangerous situation in global scale.

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Environmental Protection Particulates are the small solid particles that you can see through rays of sunlight. They are products of incomplete combustion in engines, for example: internal-combustion engines, road dust and wood smoke.

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Environmental Protection Billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year. When these fuels are burnt, they produce smoke and other by-products, which is emitted into the atmosphere. Although wind and rain occasionally wash away the smoke, given off by power plants and automobiles, but it is not enough.

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Environmental Protection These chemical compounds undergo a series of chemical reactions in the presence of sunlight; as a result we have smog, mixture of fog and smoke. While such pollutants as particulates we can see, other harmful ones are not visible.

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Environmental Protection Among the most dangerous to bur health are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and ozone or active oxygen.

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Environmental Protection If you have ever been in an enclosed parking garage or a tunnel and felt dizzy or lightheaded, then you have felt the effect of carbon monoxide (CO). This odourless, colourless, but poisonous gas is produced by the incomplete burning of fossil fuels, like gasoline or diesel fuel.

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Environmental Protection Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.

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Environmental Protection Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one day we won't have enough oxygen to breathe, we won't see a beautiful green forest at all.

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Environmental Protection The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in our seas.

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Environmental Protection Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out forever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.

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Environmental Protection And even greater threats are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.

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Environmental Protection Fortunately, it's not too late to solve these problems. We have the time, the money and even the technology to make our planet a better, cleaner and safer place. We can plant trees and create parks for endangered animals.

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Environmental Protection We can recycle our wastes; persuade enterprises to stop polluting activities, because it is apparent that our careless use of fossil fuels and chemicals is destroying this planet. And it is now more than ever apparent that at the same time we are destroying our bodies and our future.

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Don’t be indifferent to the nature.