The foundation of london (Основание Лондона)

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The Romans went to England many, many years ago.

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They built a town on the River Thames. The name of the town was Londinium .

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Londinium got bigger and bigger. The Romans built a lot of roads from Londinium to other parts of Britain.

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The River Thames has always been part of London’s history. In Roman times Londinium was a small town with the Thames in its centre. Now London is a very large city, but the River Thames is still in its centre.

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Until 1749, there was only one bridge over the river: London Bridge. The old London Bridge looked very strange. There were houses and shops on the bridge.

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Now there are 27 bridges over the Thames in London and 8 tunnels under the river.

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By the year 400 there were 50 000 people in Londinium. Soon after 400 the Romans left Britain. We do not know very much about Londinium between the years 400 and 1000. At the beginning of the 11th century England was already a big country and London was a very important city. In 1066 William the Conqueror and his people went to England from Normandy in France. All Kings and Queens of England lived in London. It became the biggest city in England. By 1600 there were more than 200 000 people in London.

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In those days people usually built houses of wood, and they often were one near another.

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Sometimes there were fires in the city, but they were usually very small. Then came 1666 , the year of the Great Fire in London .

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On the 2 nd of September 1666 there was a strong wind from the river and a big fire began. It started in the house of the king’s baker, near London Bridge. The baker’s wife woke up in the middle of the night because the house was on fire. Soon the next house started burning and then the next and the next.

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The results of the fire were awful: The fire burnt for 5 days and destroyed 80% of the city. More than 250 000 people didn’t have home any more.

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After the Great Fire people built a new city.

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The city became larger and larger. By 1830 there were more than 1 500 000 people in London. The railways came and London became richer and richer, but it didn’t become nicer. The city became dark and dirty and people lived in bad houses.

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Nowadays… There are still poor people and dirty places in London. But…

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…Life is much better now.

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…There are many new houses and flats.

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…The city is also much cleaner.

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Now London has got more than 7 million people and that’s 13% of Britain’s population.

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Now you should fill in the gaps

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The ___ built ___ near the river ___ . By the year 400 there were ___ people in Londinium. Soon after ___ the Romans left ___ . The old London Bridge looked very ___ . There were ___ and ___ on the bridge. Now there are ___ bridges and over the River Thames and ___ tunnels under the river. ___ and his people went to England from ___ in France in ___ . By 1600 there were more than ___ people in London.

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In those days people usually built houses of ___ and they often were ___ . Then came ___ the year of the ___ of London. The fire started in the house of the ___ . The fire burnt for ___ days and destroyed ___% of the city. More than ___ people have lost their houses. By 1830 there were more than ___ people in London. And now there are over ___ million people in London and that’s ___% of Britain’s population.