Земля, на которой мы живем

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Seasons in Russia Autumn Winter Spring Summer

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There are four seasons in a year- winter, spring, summer and autumn. Winter is the coldest seasons of the year. Winter months are December, January and February. The weather is very cold. The sun is shining but it’s not warm. It gets dark earlier and sunrise is later. The days are short and gloomy and the nights are long. Winter is a very beautiful season and many people like it very much. The average winter temperature is -4 to -20 degrees Celsius. Spring comes straight after long cold winter time and brings three wonderful months: March, April and May. The trees become greener. The birds return from the hot countries and build their nests. The weather is usually fine and it is warm. Sometimes it rains. The average spring temperature is +15 to +16 degrees Celsius.

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After spring comes summer . Summer months are June, July and August. The days are again longer and the nights are shorter. There are many nice flowers around in the parks and squares in summer. It is hot and sun shines brightly. Some times it is cold in August. After summer comes autumn. Autumn months: September, October and November. The weather is very changeable in this season. You can see yellow, red, brown leaves every where. Sometimes autumn weather is bad. There are a lot of rainy days. The warm days of early autumn are called the “Golden Autumn”. The “Golden Autumn” is really beautiful with its yellow, red and brown trees and golden leaves falling down.

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In the solar system there are 9 planets. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

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Name: The Earth Other names: The World, The Blue Planet Address: The Solar System, The Milky Way, The Galaxy? The Universe Weight: 597 million, Million, Million tons Age: 4.600 million years Color: blue, brown, green, often white with clouds Closest neighbours : The Moon Occupation: making happy people, animals and plants Hobbies : space travel The form of our planet

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All of us know that we live on the Earth . But what do we know about it? The Earth is the fifth largest of the nine main planets in the solar system. It’s the third planet from the Sun. The Sun is just one of many stars in the Milky Way Galaxy. The Earth looks blue from space because 70% nearly three quarters, is covered with water/ There are four oceans on the Earth: the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian and the Arctic. The oceans contain 97% of all the water on the Earth.

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The Sun and all the stars we see in the night sky belong to a great group of stars that travel through space together. Such a group is called a galaxy. The star group to which our system belongs is called the Milky Way or just the Galaxy. There are about 100,000,000,000 stars in the Galaxy, or about 20 stars for each human being on planet Earth. The Galaxy is like a huge disc with a bulge in the middle. The Galaxy is about 100,000 light years in diameter. This means that it takes a beam of light 100,000 years to travel from one edge of the disc to the other. The Milky Way is not the only Galaxy in space. In fact, there are thousands of millions. But most are too far from the Earth to be seen with the naked eye. On clear, dark nights a small number can be seen without a telescope. People can see the Andromeda galaxy, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. Where will people go after they've explored their own solar system? Experts say that travel to other galaxies will only be possible in huge "starships". They will travel through space for hundreds or even thousands of years with many people on board. Then, when a suitable planet is found, some of these people will stay there and begin a new life. Later, they'll build new starships and go further to investigate the Universe.

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Exploring Space Valentina Tereshkova – a Russian woman – cosmonaut. In 1963 she became the first woman in space when she travelled round the Earth in “ Vostok - 6”. Yuri Gagarin – a Russian cosmonaut. On 12 th April 1961 he became the first man in space when he travelled round the Earth in Vostok 1.

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Sergei Korolev – an outstanding Russian scientist and designer. He created the famous spaceships “ Vostok ” and “ Voshod ” on which the first space travel and the first space walk were carried out. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky – a famous Russian scientist. He was the first person to invent the idea of space rockets.

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Alexei Leonov – a Russian cosmonaut who was the first man to take a walk in space. Neil Armstrong - an American astronaut. He was the first man to walk on the moon in 1969.