Презентация проекта "Римляне в Британии", представленного на школьной конференции

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The theme of our project is “Roman Britain”. The aims of our project are: 1. To research the traces of the Roman occupation in Britain 2. To investigate what is left by the Romans a) structures b) monuments and constructions c) names of towns d) roads e) samples of Roman art

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Plan -Britannia before the Roman occupation -The province of Britannia -Revolt, Expansion and Consolidation -Roman towns -Life in a Roman town -Roads -Roman villas -The end of Roman rule

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Part 1 Britannia before the Roman occupation The province of Britannia (its expansion and consolidation)

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Britain was a part of the Roman Empire for just under 400 years and the remains of the Roman occupation can still be seen in many places today.

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The province of Britannia Roman influence in Britain began with Julius Caesar who came twice – in 55 BC and again in 54 BC . 43 AD - the Romans invaded Britain. The invasion was led by the Emperor Claudius who came with about 40 000 soldiers.

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Revolt, expansion and consolidation. The Romans faced several revolts during the years after the conquest. The most important was a rebellion by Queen Boudicca in 60-61 AD during which several towns were burnt to the ground.

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Hadrian’s Wall The Romans eventually left southern Scotland and, in 122 AD , began to build a wall across the north of England as a defence against invading tribes from the north. It was named Hadrian’s Wall , after the Emperor Hadrian who had ordered it to be built.

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Antonine wall Later about 140 AD , the Antonine wall was built further north but was largely abandoned in about 163 AD.

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Part 2 Roman towns Life in a Roman town

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Roman towns Many towns in Britain were founded or grew considerably in size during the period of Roman rule. Colchester , the original capital of the Roman province was destroyed during Boudicca’s revolt. London became the main administrative and commercial centre.

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The most important town was Colchester ( Camulodunum) .

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Lincoln (Lindum) The remains of the Roman north wall in Lindum Colonia (Lincoln)

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York (Eboracum) the Roman wall and the west corner tower of the fort at York

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London (Londinium): the remains of the Roman wall

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Life in a Roman town Roman towns had all the amenities that a citizen of Rome would expect such as: a market place a town hall baths, (often supplied by water from an aqueduct) amphitheatres.

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The Roman baths in the city Bath The most impressive remains of town life in this period are the Roman baths in the city of Bath where the bathing complex contains hot and cold rooms and systems of drainage and under floor heating.

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Public entertainment: the remains of the Roman amphitheatre in Dorchester

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Chariot racing

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Part 3 The Romans‘ achievements (The roads and villas)

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Roads T he Romans built over 9600 kilometres of roads in Britain. The most famous Roman roads in Britain are Walting Street, Ermine street and the Fosse Way. The world street comes from the Latin word strata, which originally meant straight.

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Roman villas The remains of Roman villas such as Fishbourne in Sussex and Chedworth in the Cotswolds demonstrate the wealth of Roman culture.

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A villa was originally a Roman country house built for the upper class. Many of these villas villas were richly decorated with painting and mosaics showing themes from Roman myths. The golden age of the villa in Britain was in 2nd and 3rd centuries .

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The end of Roman rule Part 4

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In the fourth century AD, the Roman Empire itself was under attack from tribes from central and eastern Europe. Roman soldiers in Britain were called away to defend Rome. In 410 AD , the Emperor Honorius decided that Britain must defend itself. With the Romans gone, the Germanic tribes gradually took over most of England.

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The results of our research We found out that: -The Romans built straight and strong roads which are still used nowadays as motorways; -They invented central heating that was used in baths and it is still used in the city of Bath; -they had a very high culture because the Romans built amazing structures (Hadrian’s Wall, baths, theatres), villas where we can see beautiful mosaics, paintings; -we can find the traces of Latin in the names of some English cities (e.g. Londinium, Chester, Manchester and Colchester); words ( street – strata , and many cities that haves suffixes: caster , chester, cester, castra mean a Roman fort)

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References ”Oxford Guide to British and American Culture”, Second Edition,2010 ”British History Seen Through Art”, Gina Clemen, Kaura Stagno,”Black Cat” Publishing, 2001 www.britishhistoryart.com http://www.iadb.co.uk/romans http://www.romanbritain.freeserve.co.uk/ http://historic.ru/history/

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Thank you!