Презентация на английском языке "Russian synagogues. The synagogues of Saint Petersburg"

Слайд 1

Russian synagogues The synagogues of Saint Petersburg This presentation is made by Ekaterina Bulanina and Julia Sukhodoeva 11 A form school 180 Saint- Petersburg 2015

Слайд 2

New words Abrahamic – авраамический Originat ( ed ) – произойти ( произошедший ) Moses – Моисей (еврейский пророк и законодатель, основоположник иудаизма, организовал Исход евреев из Древнего Египта, сплотил израильские колена в единый народ. Является самым важным пророком в иудаизме) Abraham – библейский персонаж, родоначальник многих народов. Духовный предок всех верующих авраамических религий Covenant – завет, договор Oral law – неписанный закон Spiritual leaders – духовные лидеры Rabbis – раввины Wipe out – уничтожить Chandelier – люстра Lavish – щедрый S eductress – соблазнительница Hereditary – наследственный Honorary – почётный Moorish – Мавританский (стиль) Byzantine – Византийский (стиль) Abound – изобиловать Eclectic Blend – хаотичная смесь Confidant – доверенное лицо Landmark – заметный объект местности Avant-corp – ризалит Pilgrimage – паломничество Scroll - свиток

Слайд 3

What is Judaism? Judaism originated in the Middle East over 3500 years ago Judaism was founded by Moses, although Jews trace their history back to Abraham. Jews believe that there is only one God with whom they have a covenant. In exchange for all the good that God has done for the Jewish people, Jewish people keep God’s laws and try to bring holiness into every aspect of their lives. Judaism has a rich history of religious text, but the central and most important religious document is the Torah. Jewish traditional or oral law, the interpretation of the laws of the Torah, is called halakhah . Spiritual leaders are called Rabbis. Jews worship in Synagogues. 6 million Jews were murdered in the Holocaust in an attempt to wipe out Judaism. Judaism is the original of the three Abrahamic faiths, which also includes Christianity and Islam . According to information published by The Jewish People Policy Planning Institute, there were around 13,8 million Jewish people in the world in 2014, most residing in the USA and Israel .

Слайд 4

There is a synagogue in St.Petersburg . It’s name is The Grand Choral Synagogue of St. Petersburg . I t is also sometimes called the St. Petersburg Synagogue . It is the second largest synagogue in Europe. It was built between 1880 and 1888, and consecrated in 1893. Poet Osip Mandelstam called the Petersburg Synagogue a "lavish, outstandi ng seductress .“ Synagogue in St.Petersburg Lermontov Prospect, 2

Слайд 5

The group of architects and supervisors for the first synagogue in St. Petersburg chose the Moorish style for its design. In the end, the project abounded an eclectic blend of neo-Byzantine and Moorish styles with Arabesque motives, upon the request of V.V.Stasov , the influential Russian art critic and supervisor of the project. The Great Choral Synagogue was designed by architects I.I.Shaposhnikov , L.Bakhman , and V.A.Shreter , with the participation of V.V.Stasov and N.L.Benois who was the curator of the project and the confidant of the Tsar and the Russian government.

Слайд 6

The building of the synagogue fully matches the traditions of Hebrew architecture. In the center of the building there is avant-corp and a portal in a shape of an arch with columns on both sides. The temple is crowned with spherical dome. The interior of the Grand Choral Synagogue strikes by its good acoustics. The whisper can be heard at the distance of more than 10 meters. The main hall is decorated with elegant silvered chandelier. At the beginning of the 20 th century the building was fenced with granite blocks with metal railings. On December 1, 1872, a Jewish cemetery was founded on the land south of the city, in Obukhovo . Another synagogue was erected at the entrance to the Jewish cemetery of St. Petersburg. Today the Great Choral Synagogue of St. Petersburg is a registered landmark and an architectural monument of federal importance. The services are held there now.

Слайд 7

Synagogues in Russia Moscow Choral Synagogue Located close to the former Jewish settlement in Zaryadye . In 1881, the community hired Austrian architect Semeon Eibuschitz . The construction began on May 28, 1887. In 1888, the required the builders to remove the completed dome and the exterior image of the Scrolls of Moses. Construction continued for five years, until the authorities once again banned it in 1892. During the Russian Revolution of 1905, Jews were free to build their places of worship anywhere. Eibuschitz died in 1898, and the community hired famous architect Roman Klein to finish the construction. The synagogue opened in 1906.

Слайд 8

Moscow Holocaust Memorial Synagogue Located on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow. Was constructed and opened on September 1998 by Moshe Zarhy . An exhibition about history of the Jewish people and the Holocaust was located in the building. The building is also used as a museum. The interior of the building was designed by Frank Meisler. Wall sculptures showing Jerusalem, the Twelve Tribes of Israel and the Five Books of Moses makes the interior of the synagogue.

Слайд 9

Synagogue in Ekaterinburg Constructed between 2002 and 2005. Situated on a place of the old synagogue dismantled in 1960’s The only branch of Jewish Community in Ekaterinburg . One of the newest synagogues in Russia. Synagogue in Irkutsk Was founded on the 10 th of May, 1878 Built after the project of the architect Kudelsky The oldest acting synagogue in Russia On 1882 it was destroyed by fire and restored by the efforts of charity Has the shape of the letter “T” Till the end of 19 th century synagogue held the library on the first floor The services weren’t held there during the Soviet period Only on the 24 th of February 2009 it was returned to the believers

Слайд 10

Synagogue in Volgograd On the 17 th of October 1888 first synagogue was opened on the Port Said Street It was turned into a hospital during the Soviet Period In 2001 Jewish Community asked for the permission to place the synagogue in the former school (on the picture) Restoration work lasted 2 years. It was opened on November 2007. Choral Synagogue in Samara Was built in 1908 by Zelman Kleinermann in Moorish Style On the fronton of the building there is a memorial board with names of members of Jewish Community who helped the construction The opening ceremony took place on August 1908. In 1929 it was closed to be Cultural Center and bread factory later Nowadays the synagogue is being restored.

Слайд 11

One of the oldest synagogue in the world El Ghriba synagogue on Djerba island, Tunisia

Слайд 13

Was built more than 2000 years ago The oldest synagogue in Africa One of the oldest synagogues in the World Modern building was erected in the 19 th century to replace old building of the 16 th century Fell under several attacks during Simchat Torah holiday in 1985, when one of the policemen opened fire at the crowd of people On the 11 th of April 2002 a truck was blown up near the synagogue, 21 people died. Flowers were laid in memory of those who were killed during the terrorist attack in 2002. One of the oldest scrolls of Torah is held in the temple Annual pilgrimage of Tunisian Jews takes place there According to another legend, a holy rock – a key to the gates of paradise – fell from the skies to the ground on the place of future synagogue and it will return only after the last jew leaves the island Djerba The interior of the synagogue is performed in clear Arabic style The services are held there. It is opened to the visitors

Слайд 14

Thank you for attention! Jewish wedding dance