Конкурс "Страны мира" 2013г.

        Чаюкова Ксения

8 класс

МБОУ СОШ № 2 г. Кропоткин Краснодарского края

Руководитель: Ростовцева Инна Петровна (учитель английского языка)

Hello! My name is Kseniya. I’m a pupil. I study at school № 2 in Kropotkin Krasnodar region. I like my little town. At school I learn English. It’s my favourite lesson. Best of all I like England and it’s history. Now I describe some interesting facts about England.

Big Ben

Big Ben in London is a tower with a clock-chimes, located in the north-eastern part of the Houses of Parliament in Westminster, London. Although the actual name of the tower - clock tower, it is often referred to as Big Ben, Big Tom Tower or Big Ben. Clock Tower is one of the most recognizable sightseeing in London and is a hallmark, as well as the Eiffel Tower in Paris. Since its inception in 1859, he served as the most reliable clock in London, as well as to celebrate throughout the year. Find out some interesting and fun facts about Big Ben!

Interesting and Fun Facts About Big Ben:
- Big Ben is the largest omnidirectional watch in the world.
- Real name of the tower, the holder of hours, is the "Clock Tower." Big Ben is the nickname of the main bell, officially known as the Great Bell, located in the tower. However, the nickname is more popular than the official name.
- Interview with 2000 people was held in 2008, which led to the conclusion that the tower was the most popular attraction of the UK.
- Clock Tower, also referred to as the tower of Big Ben and the wrong navzanie, the tower of St. Stephen. However, the latter is actually a spire tower in the middle of the palace, which serves as the main entry point for participants of debates and committees. It is also called Big Tom.
- Big Ben was built to replace the old Palace of Westminster, after the latter was destroyed by fire in October 1834.
- Watches were launched Sept. 7, 1859.
- Big Ben was designed by Charles Barry.
- Watch and sets were designed Augustus Pugin.
- The first 61 meters of the Clock Tower are made of brick masonry and stone cladding, and the rest of the tower is made of cast iron.
- The tower is tilted slightly to the north-west, at 8.66 inches.
- The bell "Big Ben" weighs 14.5 tons. It's sheer size bell that inspired Benjamin Hall to give him the name Big Ben.
- Clock Tower bell never stopped working even during the Second World War
- The tower is located on the 15-square-meter site, made of 3-meter concrete columns by 4 meters below ground level.
- At the base of each clock face is a Latin inscription, of gilded letters. It says - Domine SALVAM FAC REGINAM NOSTRAM VICTORIAM PRIMAM, which means "Lord, keep safe our Queen Victoria in the first place."
- Clock Tower is the focus of New Year celebrations in the United Kingdom, with radio and television stations it chimes welcomes the beginning of the year.
- Memorial Day, chimes of Big Ben are broadcast to mark the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month. Big Ben in London - a tower with a clock-chimes, located in the north-eastern part of the Houses of Parliament in Westminster, London. Although the actual name of the tower - clock tower, it is often referred to as Big Ben, Big Tom Tower or Big Ben. Clock Tower is one of the most recognizable sightseeing in London and is a hallmark, as well as the Eiffel Tower in Paris. Since its inception in 1859, he served as the most reliable clock in London, as well as to celebrate throughout the year. Find out some interesting and fun facts about Big Ben!

The London Eye

                 
"The London Eye» (London Eye) - a giant Ferris wheel that is located on the banks of the Thames in London. Its height is 135 meters in diameter - 120 meters. Today, it is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe, and the most popular attraction in the UK. Every year on it and ride up to 3.5 million people.
In 1999, when the "London Eye" was established, it was the highest ferris wheel in the world, but after that record was broken in the 165-meter attraction in Singapore. However, a record was kept: it is the tallest wheel in the world, built on a cantilever structure.
Another name for the "London Eye" - "Millennium Wheel", because attraction was opened in front of the millennium.
London Eye is located in the London borough of Lambeth on the south bank of the Thames. Its design includes 32 enclosed, air-conditioned egg-shaped passenger capsules. Each of these capsules represents one of the areas and suburbs of London, weighs 10 tons and can accommodate 25 people. Wheel rotates at a speed of about 0.9 km / h (full rotation takes about half an hour). In normal mode, the London Eye rotates continuously - passengers can be placed in the capsules on the go, but if you want to put people with disabilities, children or the elderly - the wheel stops. The design of the "eyes" like a bicycle wheel - it is reinforced from the inside with giant needles.
In December 2006, it was established LED lighting, which is controlled via a digital interface (previously used manual replacement of fluorescent lighting gels in tubes).
This giant, unprecedented in its scale, structure was built section by section. Section arriving on barges on the Thames, and collected them in a horizontal position on the river platforms. After assembly, the wheel system raised shore cranes.
The project can be called a pan-European: British Steel was processed in the Netherlands, cables manufactured in Italy, the center of the wheel and spokes came from the Czech Republic, passenger capsules - from France. Only electrical equipment was manufactured in the UK.
"London Eye" was officially opened by Tony Blair, 31 December 1999, although the first visitors were able to ride it only on March 9, 2000 (first there were some technical problems). Today it is one of the main attractions of London. From 1 January 2005 the Ferris wheel serves as the center of New Year celebrations in London.

Unusual skyscraper

In London there is a skyscraper Mary Ex 30, which is popularly received more memorable name - cucumber or gherkin. As you can guess the name of the tower has received because of its shape and green. The skyscraper has 40 floors, which is the headquarters of Swiss Re, as well as many restaurants on the upper floors. The height of the building as much as 180 meters and it is located in the financial center of London.
Design Mary Ex includes a central base and the retina, which makes this kind of tower of cucumber.
Construct a "cucumber" 4 years (2001-2004), and the construction site before it was built it was not empty (well, of course! Central London as in any way). Tower was built on the site of the once-existing Baltic Exchange, a building which was badly damaged by bombing in 1992.
Such an unusual form of cucumber is unusual not only aesthetically, but also allows the tower to be twice as economical than similar-sized buildings because the author of the skyscraper-cucumber Norman Foster has used solar lighting and natural ventilation.