Презентация на тему «Политическая система Великобритании»

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procedure for the transfer of the throne Britain politically is a constitutional monarchy. The order of succession to the throne determined Act of Succession (1701). Sons inherit the throne of the sovereign by seniority, in the absence of sons, the throne passes to the eldest daughter. Have the right to the throne only Protestants.

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it is interesting The monarch is the head of state, supreme commander, the head of administration and secular head of the official church of England. Monarch - an important symbol of national unity.

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Queen is considered the supreme carrier executive, head of the judiciary , the supreme commander of the armed forces , secular head of the Anglican Church , has the formal right to convene Parliament is in session . Monarch is an integral part of Parliament , along with the House of Lords and House of Commons , has an absolute veto on any law passed by Parliament , but the last time it was applied to the right in 1707 , for which he earned the nickname " the sleeping powers" , the monarch has the right to appoint and dismiss the prime minister and ministers , but following the established 200 years of constitutional tradition , the President appoints the Prime Minister, leader of the party that won the elections, and ministers - at the suggestion of the government.

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The highest legislative body - the , which consists of the monarch, House of Lords and House of Commons. In fact, under the Parliament refers to only two chambers , and in ordinary discourse - the lower , which carries out legislative functions. King signs all laws , and on the basis of constitutional custom almost 300 years does not use of his right of veto. House of Lords veto can be overridden by the lower chamber by a simple majority , but in another session of Parliament, which means that at a regular session once a year, the upper chamber can delay the entry of a year of the law. In practice, the House of Lords , as a rule, objections to bills passed by the House of Commons , raises very rare .

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The House of Lords The House of Lords is formed by inheritance, that in modern conditions is archaic. Lords - representatives formed by centuries of land, industrial and financial aristocracy. The House of Lords, which is called the "upper chamber" of Parliament, consists of 1260 members. It is composed of peers, viscounts, barons, counts, marquises, dukes, actually at the meeting no more than 100 people. In the UK, repeatedly raised and discussed in the House of Commons question on the Elimination of Lords or reorganization, but to no avail.

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The House of Commons The House of Commons is in practice the main and only chamber of Parliament (" MPs " referred only members of the House of Commons and House of Lords members are not eligible for this title .) She elected in single-seat constituencies by the majority system of relative majority . MPs have limited immunity and indemnity , and only during the session , as well as 40 days prior to and after the session . They have three assistants paid by the state . They reimbursed transportation , stationery , postage costs. Salaries paid to MPs , is considered almost the lowest in the world. Deputies are actively working in their constituencies , as their re-election ultimately depends on the voters , even if the party leadership again nominate their candidates . As in other parliaments, the House of Commons of Great Britain formed permanent and temporary committees. They discuss the pre-bills, monitor the activities of the administration, conduct parliamentary investigations, etc.

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parliament In parliament are party factions . They are led by a leader. " Chief Whip " and "sticks " provide voter faction members to vote in the House . In the lower house of the British Parliament there is a strict party discipline (subject to approval ), but the deputy also depends on the support of voters , grassroots party organizations , which may have a different view , different from the views of the management . The main function of Parliament - lawmaking . Bills ( bills ) are reading 3 . As a rule , the bills must be taken by both chambers .

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Supreme executive power is exercised by the government headed by Prime Minister, who, along with a hereditary monarch is the leader of the country. In the UK government includes about 100 people, the most important and influential members of the government to form a narrower board - Cabinet.

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The right to vote to all citizens of Great Britain and other Commonwealth countries and the Republic of Ireland, aged 18 years and residing in the UK.