Презентанции по теме "Architecture"

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Baroque style Baroque - characteristic of European culture XVII-XVIII centuries, the center of which was Italy. Baroque style appeared in the XVI-XVII centuries in Italian cities: Rome, Mantua, Venice and Florence. During the Baroque period is considered the beginning triumphal procession "Western civilization". Baroque classicism and rationalism opposed.

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Baroque architecture. Baroque architecture is characterized by spatial scale, unity, fluidity complex, usually curved shapes. Often there are deployed massive colonnades, an abundance of sculptures on the facades and interiors, volutes, rusticated columns and pilasters. Dome acquire complex forms, they often stacked, like St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Characteristic details of the Baroque - Telamon (Atlanta), caryatid, Mascaron . Для архитектуры барокко характерны пространственный размах, слитность, текучесть сложных, обычно криволинейных форм. Часто встречаются развернутые масштабные колоннады, изобилие скульптуры на фасадах и в интерьерах, волюты, рустованные колонны и пилястры. Купола приобретают сложные формы, часто они многоярусны, как у собора Св. Петра в Риме. Характерные детали барокко — теламон (атлант), кариатида, маскарон.

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Baroque architect. The Italian architecture, the most prominent representative of Baroque art was Carlo Maderno (1556-1629 .) His main creation - the facade of the Roman church of Santa Susanna. The main figure in the development of Baroque sculpture was Lorenzo Bernini. He owns a clearance area of St. Peter's in Rome and interiors, as well as other buildings. Significant contribution left Carlo Fontana, Carlo Rainaldi, Guarino Guarini, Baldassare Longo Luigi Vanvitelli.

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Palace of Versailles.

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Aranjuez .

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Schonbrunn Palace

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The palace and park ensemble of Peterhof

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Dresden Zwinger .

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Baroque style Baroque - characteristic of European culture XVII-XVIII centuries, the center of which was Italy. Baroque style appeared in the XVI-XVII centuries in Italian cities: Rome, Mantua, Venice and Florence. During the Baroque period is considered the beginning triumphal procession "Western civilization". Baroque classicism and rationalism opposed.

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Baroque architecture. Baroque architecture is characterized by spatial scale, unity, fluidity complex, usually curved shapes. Often there are deployed massive colonnades, an abundance of sculptures on the facades and interiors, volutes, rusticated columns and pilasters. Dome acquire complex forms, they often stacked, like St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Characteristic details of the Baroque - Telamon (Atlanta), caryatid, Mascaron . Для архитектуры барокко характерны пространственный размах, слитность, текучесть сложных, обычно криволинейных форм. Часто встречаются развернутые масштабные колоннады, изобилие скульптуры на фасадах и в интерьерах, волюты, рустованные колонны и пилястры. Купола приобретают сложные формы, часто они многоярусны, как у собора Св. Петра в Риме. Характерные детали барокко — теламон (атлант), кариатида, маскарон.

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Baroque architect. The Italian architecture, the most prominent representative of Baroque art was Carlo Maderno (1556-1629 .) His main creation - the facade of the Roman church of Santa Susanna. The main figure in the development of Baroque sculpture was Lorenzo Bernini. He owns a clearance area of St. Peter's in Rome and interiors, as well as other buildings. Significant contribution left Carlo Fontana, Carlo Rainaldi, Guarino Guarini, Baldassare Longo Luigi Vanvitelli.

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Palace of Versailles.

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Aranjuez .

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Schonbrunn Palace

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The palace and park ensemble of Peterhof

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Dresden Zwinger .

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Neoclassicism is the name given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of Ancient Greece or Ancient Rome. The main Neoclassical movement coincided with the 18th century Age of Enlightenment, and continued into the early 19th century, latterly competing with Romanticism. In architecture, the style continued throughout the 19th and 20th centuries and into the 21st. Неоклассици́зм — термин, применяемый в российском искусствоведении для обозначения художественных явлений последней трети XIX и первой четверти XX веков, которым присуще обращение к традициям искусства античности, искусства эпохи Возрождения или классицизма . В зарубежном искусствоведении неоклассицизмом называют классицизм в архитектуре и изобразительном искусстве второй половины XVIII — первой трети XIX веков, в отличие от классицизма более раннего периода.

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A main role in the architecture of the English neoclassical played two masters - William Chambers and Robert Adam. Somerset house in London (Chambers) Sayon -house (Adam)

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Fomin Nikolai Aleksandrovich The house “ Dinamo ” in Moscow

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The building of the Sverdlovsk railway (1925-1928), a rare example of Neoclassicism of the 1920s

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Worotilov Evgraf Sergeevich (1836-1910) Leo Tolstoy Street

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The Palace of "the Petit Trianon in Versailles

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Thanks to everybody! I love you!

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Renaissance - the period of the development of architecture in European countries since the beginning of XV to the beginning of the XVII century , in general during the revival and development of the foundations of spiritual and material culture of ancient Greece and Rome. What is Renaissance ?

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S tyle Features Particular importance in this regard is given to forms of ancient architecture : symmetry , proportion, geometry and order parts , as illustrated by the surviving examples of Roman architecture . Complicated proportion of medieval buildings replaced the ordered arrangement of columns , pilasters and lintels , to replace asymmetric outline comes semicircle arch hemisphere dome niche edikuly .

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There are three main periods: Early Renaissance or Quattrocento , roughly coincides with the XV century . High Renaissance , the first quarter of the XVI century . Mannerism or Late Renaissance ( ok.1520 -1600 ) .

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Early Renaissance Show a tendency to organic combination of medieval traditions with classical elements . In the temple construction is the main type of basil with a flat ceiling or cross vaults , but in the elements - arrangement and decoration of columns and pillars , arches and architraves distribution , the appearance of windows and portals , architects cater for Greco- Roman monuments in the pursuit of extensive education , free spaces inside buildings.Later , gradually , and in the general concept and in detail the basis of the works are examples of ancient art.Most often in the design of buildings present Corinthian order with various modifications capitals. New style stronger penetrates nehramovuyu architecture : palaces of the rulers , the city government and the nobility , like earlier fortresses , not all departed from medieval appearance, change, obvious desire of architects to observe the symmetry and harmony of proportions.These buildings are harmoniously spacious courtyards enclosed by the lower and upper floors of the arcades on the arches , which are supported by columns or pilasters Antique shape.Regularity of the facade attached horizontally by cornices and graceful Interfloor main cornice , forming a strong ledge under the roof.

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Early Renaissance

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Early Renaissance

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High Renaissance Major monuments of Italian architecture of this time - secular buildings , which differ harmony and grandeur of its proportions , elegance detail trim and ornamentation of eaves , windows, doors , palaces with light , mostly two-story galleries on the columns and pillars. In the temple there is a desire to build the enormity and majesty , the transition from the medieval to the Roman cross vault Korobov vault , dome supported by four massive pillars .

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High Renaissance

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The architecture of the experiment was conducted with the forms , development, and combining ancient images appears complication parts , bending, refraction and interruption of architectural lines , intricate ornamentation , high density columns, half-columns and pilasters in space. Emphasizes freer ratio of space and matter . Later Renaissance

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( фр. rococo , фр. rocaille — crushed stone, decorative sink Rococo, less commonly roccoco , also referred to as "Late Baroque", is an 18th-century artistic movement and style, which affected several aspects of the arts including painting, sculpture, architecture, interior design, decoration, literature, music and theatre.

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The Rococo developed in the early part of the 18th century in Paris, France as a reaction against the grandeur, symmetry and strict regulations of the Baroque Church of Saint Francis of Assisi ( Ouro Preto )

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With regards to interior decoration, Rococo rooms were designed as total works of art with elegant and ornate furniture, small sculptures, ornamental mirrors, and tapestry complementing architecture, reliefs, and wall paintings.

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The Chinese Palace, St. Petersburg 1762 — 1768

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Architect is Antonio Rinaldi

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Basilika Vierzehnheiligen , Germany

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Amalienburg near Munich

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St. Andrew's Cathedral (Kiev), 1749-1754

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Elizabeth's summer residence in St. Petersburg

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Ancient Greek architecture The architecture of ancient Greece less majestic than the Egyptian, but structural elements and structures are generally more complex. The flat ceiling of the roof of the Egyptian temple replaced by a gable roof with four coal Gables parts of the building. Instead powerful and menacing pilots at the entrance of the Egyptian temple - light, airy, full of light portico - the great invention of the Greeks living to this day. Greek architects have created a solid and logical order of location and proportionality of parts of the building - the order. The procedure gives rise to the rhythm. Rhythm defines beauty. Like in music, when equally between stress, pauses, increases the sound creates a ring, which brings happiness and pleasure. And in architecture.

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Speaking about the Greek style in architecture, comparing it to the more ancient - Egyptian architecture can be seen not only design features, but also differences in the aesthetics. The Greek temple closer to man, accessible, one can turn to God, to trust him and his secrets. Architects ancient Greece logically have their structures in nature, that the temples were reminiscent of the work of the natural shape. As if the gods themselves had created for himself the place. The Egyptians put their temples of enormous blocks, stones were to each other almost perfectly, and the overall design of suppressed the viewer with its power. Egypt's temples have been markedly elongated, marking the inaccessibility of the path to God, his greatness and detachment.

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There are three known Greek key design elements of the building: base; the column is standing on this basis; and the entablature - element that completes the building and located on the top of the column. The basis of all this was a column. She performed the role of a bearing element, which presses the brunt of overlap, and also decorative role. The entire order called the name of the column, which was used: Doric, ionic, or Corinthian . Doric style is most simple, laconic by its shape. The main features of this order is the strictness and simplicity. Ionic style harder and employs more details. The main features of the Ionian style - ease proportions, large differentiation in forms, elegance and relative decorativeness. In addition to the two basic styles of ancient Greek architecture has developed a third - Corinth. Corinthian style even easier Ionian and should be considered as secondary education, which arose on soil Ionian architecture.

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Delphi. The ruins of the temple of Apollo.

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The temple of Artemis at Ephesus

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Lincoln memorial in Washington

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The Parthenon is a temple of the goddess Athena Parthenos

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The Propylaea and the temple of Nika Apteros

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The Erechtheion

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The Ensemble Of The Acropolis

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Ancient Roman architecture Moiseeva

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Roman Architecture covers the period from the establishment of the Roman Republic, supposedly in 509BC, to about the 4th century, after which it becomes Late Antique or Byzantine architecture.

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Ancient Roman architecture adopted certain aspects of Ancient Greek architecture, creating a new architectural style. The Romans were indebted to their Etruscan neighbors and forefathers who supplied them with a wealth of knowledge essential for future architectural solutions, such as hydraulics in the construction of arches. Later they absorbed Greek and Phoenician influence, apparent in many aspects closely related to architecture.

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The Aqueduct of Segovia, Spain

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Insula in Ostia Antica Roman theatre of Aspendos, Turkey

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The Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio in Milan, Italy. Roman architectural style continued to influence building in the former empire for many centuries, and the style beginning in Western Europe about 1000 is called Romanesque architecture to reflect this dependence on basic Roman forms.