прошлое и настоящее заповедника "галичья гора"
работа представлена на научно- практическую конференцию "шаг в будущее". в работе представлена история, флора и фауна, современное состояние заповедника.
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The history of the reserve "Galichya Gora".
The famous reserve "Galichya Gora" is located in the middle of Lipetsk region, on the right bank of the river Don. It is a unique place of Central Russia. Since ancient times this territory is known for its flora and fauna wealth and variety, mystery of many kinds of plants' location. Today, it is the centre of the reserve "Galichya Gora", that unites the most valuable territories of Upper Don.
The year 1571.
According to Tzar's edict an observation post was put up there. It was a part of defensive constructions system.
On the 16th of February, 1571- Ivan the Terrible signed "The verdict about Cossack village and guard service". It was the first Russian Act about military form on the boarder. It was the basis of the Russian frontier guards army .The verdict was worked up by Michael Ivanovich Vorotinsky, a famous commander and prince. The completed document was given to Ivan the Terrible in January, who began its studying. They didn't have any time to wait: in the south Crimean khans from Northern Caucasus attacked Russian boarders. There was no possibility to stop them. Moscow invading was a special aim of many incursions. That's why Ivan the Terrible told Vorotinsky to begin building up a new defensive system in the south in order to stop the Crimean army in front of Oka, because they could attack Moscow.
15th of June, 1882
Famous Russian scientists V.Zinger and D. Litvinov found on Galichya Gora 17 kinds of rare plants, that were not typical for Russian plain. The following explorations proved the specialties of the unique flora. Much interest was paid to the fact of some rare plants' existence in the centre of Russia.
The first explorations of the reserve Galichya Gora are dated from 1882, when V. Zinger and D. Litvinov, for the first time, found many rocky and rock-steppe kinds of plants in Central Russia, such as Asplenium rutamuraria, Schiverckia podolica, Potentilla pimpinellodies and so on and so force. After S. Rostovtsev's exploration, detailed exploration of Galichya Gora flora was made by V. Khitrovo. He published the information about 497 kinds of vesseling plants, fixed on this territory. In 30th such scientists as N. Vinogradov, S. Golitsin, N. Kamishev began the detailed exploration of verhnedevonsk's limestone in the Upper Don and Bistraya Sosna basins. In the result they discovered new and very interesting territories. Some of them were included in the territory of Galichya Gora. While its exploring they collected a rich herbarium , that was the basis of scientific "Herbarium of central-Russian hills and adjoining territories" foundation.
The late XIX cetntury-the early XX century.
Galichya Gora was explored by many famous scientists. Among them we can see such academicians as S.Navashin, D. Anuchin, professors S. Rostovtsev, N. Zinger, A. Flerov, L. Ramensky, v. Khitrovo, B. Kozo-Polyansky.
25th of April, 1925
The vulnerability of Galichya Gora natural complexes, its small territory needed protection. The first necessity of its reservation appeared in early XXth century, but it was performed only on the 25th of April, 1925. It was the first reserve in Central Chernozemye and the 7th in Russia.
From 1925 till 1936 Galichya Gora was under the patronage of Yeletsky regional museum. The Council of exploration and protection organized the first projects : confirmed drafts, established permanent guard. Yelets regional city museum is one of the best and most ancient museums in Lipetsk region. It is the main cultural city foundation. In the September 1998 it celebrated its 80th anniversary. M. Prishvin, who lived in Yelets at that time, and a teacher, A. Safonova by name, were the initiators of building up a new regional museum. For the first time the museum was opened on 6th of September, 1918. The XIX th century building, where the museum is located today, is a real historical monument itself. There lived 1- rate merchant A. Zausailov, one of the richest and influential Yelets citizens.
17 of April , 1936
When Galichya Gora was handed over to Voronez State University, it was the beginning of a new stage of its exploration. Under B. Kozo-Polyansky's instructions S. Golicin, N. Vinogradov, N. Kamishev and other zoologist and landscape explorers began learning this reserve. Much attention is paid to the relic plants problem and looking for the territories with plants, that are typical for the Alps. Many years explorations resulted in opening and detailed description of North-Don relic botanic region, in the middle of which Galichya Gora is located.
5th of May, 1941
Morozova Gora is also declared to be a reservation. The scientific explorations stopped because of War, and the reserve itself was badly injured - the wood was cut down, trench lines disfigured steppe slopes, nearly all the collections were destroyed.
The year 1951.
The reserve Galichya Gora was liquidated in 1951 when the after war development was broken off again.
The year 1953.
On the reserve base, a new agrobiostation of Voronezh State University (VSU) was built up, that joined gradually new territories-Voronov Kamen, Bykova Sheya, Vorgolskoye, Pluschan.
13th of September, 1969.
After a special edict of the Soviet of Ministers 13.09.1969, Galichya Gora was established as a reserve.
The year 1990
In the reserve Galichya Gora the nursery of rapacious birds, that are registered in The Red Book of Russian Federation, was created. The main purpose of this organization is a reconstruction of the populations of the birds, that are on the verge of extinction.
The reserve today consists of 6 sections, that are located in the Central part of the region on the banks of the river Don and its tributaries. Separated from one another, they as well as zakaznik and nature monuments form the united system of specially protected territories. Their main purpose is unique landscapes, animals and plants preservation. The rocks of Galichya Gora and Voronov Kamen, Pluschan and Vorgolskoye woods, Bykova Sheya steppes, Morozova Gora mountain birches are the best places of interest of the region.
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Region is my native. Region is loved by me. ( Край мой родной, край мной любимый.) East or West, home is best. I would like to tell you about place where I live. And what for this place is famous for . I'll tell you about the reserve «Galichya Gora» PAST & PRESENT OF THE RESEVE « Galichya Gora»
The famous reserve "Galichya Gora" is located in the middle of Lipetsk region, on the right bank of the river Don. It is a unique place of Central Russia . Since ancient times this territory is known for its flora and fauna wealth and variety, mystery of many kinds of plants' location. Today, it is the centre of the reserve "Galichya Gora", that unites the most valuable territories of Upper Don.
The history of the reserve "Galichya Gora". The year 1571. According to Tzar's edict an observation post was put up there. It was a part of defensive constructions system. On the 16th of February, 1571- Ivan the Terrible signed "The verdict about Cossack village and guard service". It was the first Russian Act about military form on the boarder. It was the basis of the Russian frontier guards army .The verdict was worked up by Michael Ivanovich Vorotinsky, a famous commander and prince. The completed document was given to Ivan the Terrible in January, who began its studying. They didn't have any time to wait: in the south Crimean khans from Northern Caucasus attacked Russian boarders. There was no possibility to stop them. Moscow invading was a special aim of many incursions. That's why Ivan the Terrible told Vorotinsky to begin building up a new defensive system in the south in order to stop the Crimean army in front of Oka, because they could attack Moscow.
15th of June, 1882 Famous Russian scientists V.Zinger and D. Litvinov found on Galichya Gora 17 kinds of rare plants, that were not typical for Russian plain. The following explorations proved the specialties of the unique flora. Much interest was paid to the fact of some rare plants' existence in the centre of Russia.
The first explorations of the reserve Galichya Gora are dated from 1882, when V. Zinger and D. Litvinov, for the first time, found many rocky and rock-steppe kinds of plants in Central Russia, such as Asplenium rutamuraria, Schiverckia podolica, Potentilla pimpinellodies and so on and so force. After S. Rostovtsev's exploration, detailed exploration of Galichya Gora flora was made by V. Khitrovo. He published the information about 497 kinds of vesseling plants, fixed on this territory. In 30th such scientists as N. Vinogradov, S. Golitsin, N. Kamishev began the detailed exploration of verhnedevonsk's limestone in the Upper Don and Bistraya Sosna basins. In the result they discovered new and very interesting territories. Some of them were included in the territory of Galichya Gora. While its exploring they collected a rich herbarium, that was the basis of scientific "Herbarium of central-Russian hills and adjoining territories" foundation.
The late XIX century-the early XX century. Galichya Gora was explored by many famous scientists. Among them we can see such academicians as S.Navashin, D. Anuchin, professors S. Rostovtsev, N. Zinger, A. Flerov, L. Ramensky, v. Khitrovo, B. Kozo-Polyansky. 25th of April, 1925 The vulnerability of Galichya Gora natural complexes, its small territory needed protection. The first necessity of its reservation appeared in early XXth century, but it was performed only on the 25th of April, 1925. It was the first reserve in Central Chernozemye and the 7th in Russia .
From 1925 till 1936 Galichya Gora was under the patronage of Yeletsky regional museum. The Council of exploration and protection organized the first projects: confirmed drafts, established permanent guard. Yelets regional city museum is one of the best and most ancient museums in Lipetsk region. It is the main cultural city foundation. In the September 1998 it celebrated its 80th anniversary. M. Prishvin, who lived in Yelets at that time, and a teacher, A. Safonova by name, was the initiators of building up a new regional museum. For the first time the museum was opened on 6th of September, 1918. The XIX Th century building, where the museum is located today, is a real historical monument itself. There lived 1- rate merchant A. Zausailov, one of the richest and influential Yelets citizens.
17 of April , 1936 When Galichya Gora was handed over to Voronez State University, it was the beginning of a new stage of its exploration. Under B. Kozo-Polyansky's instructions S. Golicin, N. Vinogradov, N. Kamishev and other zoologist and landscape explorers began learning this reserve. Much attention is paid to the relic plants problem and looking for the territories with plants, that are typical for the Alps. Many years explorations resulted in opening and detailed description of North-Don relic botanic region, in the middle of which Galichya Gora is located. 5th of May, 1941 Morozova Gora is also declared to be a reservation. The scientific explorations stopped because of War, and the reserve itself was badly injured - the wood was cut down, trench lines disfigured steppe slopes, nearly all the collections were destroyed.
The year 1951. The reserve Galichya Gora was liquidated in 1951 when the after war development was broken off again. The year 1953. On the reserve base, a new agrobiostation of Voronezh State University (VSU) was built up, that joined gradually new territories-Voronov Kamen, Bykova Sheya, Vorgolskoye, Pluschan. 13th of September, 1969. After a special edict of the Soviet of Ministers 13.09.1969, Galichya Gora was established as a reserve. The year 1990 In the reserve Galichya Gora the nursery of rapacious birds, which are registered in The Red Book of Russian Federation, was created. The main purpose of this organization is a reconstruction of the populations of the birds that are on the verge of extinction
The reserve today consists of 6 sections, that are located in the Central part of the region on the banks of the river Don and its tributaries. Separated from one another, they as well as zakaznik and nature monuments form the united system of specially protected territories. Their main purpose is unique landscapes, animals and plants preservation. The rocks of Galichya Gora and Voronov Kamen, Pluschan and Vorgolskoye woods, Bykova Sheya steppes, Morozova Gora mountain birches are the best places of interest of the region.
Беркут (лат. Aquila chrysaetos) — одна из наиболее известных хищных птиц семейства ястребиных, самый крупный орёл.
Могильник (лат. Aquila heliaca) — орёл, крупная хищная птица семейства ястребиные
Falco_cherrug_(Marek_Szczepanek)балабан
Birds
934 сосудистых 839 грибов На территории заповедника находятся:
Позвоночных Беспозвоночных безпозвоночные 749 видов перепончатокрылых 123 вида пауков 573 вида бабочек 510видов жуков
Позвоночные: 187 видов птиц 57 видов рыб 38 видов млекопитающих 6 видов рептилий 7 видов амфибий
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