London

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Big Ben is the nickname for t great bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London, [1] and often extended to refer to the clock and the clock tower. [2] The tower is now officially called the Elizabeth Tower, after being renamed to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. The Elizabeth Tower holds the largest four-faced chiming clock in the world and is the third-tallest free-standing clock tower. [3] The tower was completed in 1858 and had its 150th anniversary on 31 May 2009, during which celebratory events took place. [ The Elizabeth Tower has become one of the most prominent symbols of both London and England and is often in the establishing shot of films set in the city.

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The London Eye - one of the modern attractions of the city. The Ferris wheel was erected in honor of the coming millennium - the second millennium. The London Eye is the project architects David Marks and Julia Barfield. The construction of the Ferris wheel took 6 years, its doors to the London Eye was opened December 31, 1999.

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Buckingham Palace - the official London residence of the British monarch (currently - Queen Elizabeth II). Located across the street of Pall Mall and Green Park to the white marble with gilded monument to Queen Victoria. When the king is in the palace, on the roof of the palace flies the Royal Standard.

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Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, Tower of London - the castle. Tower of London - one of the main symbols of the United Kingdom, holds a special place in the history of the English nation. Tower, a fortress, standing on the north bank of the Thames - the historic center of London and one of the oldest buildings in England. Duke of Edinburgh wrote in his book on the 900th anniversary of the Tower, "in its history, and the Tower of London was a fortress and palace, and the storage of the royal jewels, and arsenal, and mint, and a prison, and an observatory, and the zoo, and the place , attracting tourists. "

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British Museum- the main historical and archaeological museum of British Great Britain and one of the largest museums in the world.

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Length - 334 km, basin area - 15.3 thousand km ². Originates in the Cotswold Hills, takes place in the precincts of London, flows into the North Sea, forming the estuary. Width of the river within the boundaries of London 200-250 m, width of the estuary from 650 m (near the eastern edge of London) to 16 km (near the mouth). Dining rain. Average water consumption in the lower 260 m ³ / s, the maximum - in the winter.

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Freezing is observed only in very cold winters. The lower reaches of the Thames is influenced by tides (their height in London to 6-6.5 m), which reach of Teddington (where the channel is partitioned Thames dam). To protect the surrounding areas from the Thames flood bank of the lower reaches of the estuary and reinforced dams, and in the cities - embankments.

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Navigable almost throughout, small barges reach Lechlade town (311 km from the mouth). London is rising vessels up to 800 tons, and ocean-going vessels to reach the city Tilbury. On the Thames - the capital city of the United Kingdom London, Oxford, Reading. Thames connected to the old channels (Oxford Canal, etc.) from the Bristol Channel, the Irish Sea and the industrial areas of the central part of the country. The Thames regularly Henley Regatta.

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The bridge was designed by Horace Jones, it is a swing bridge 244 m long two-set at the intermediate support tower height of 65 m central span between towers, 61 meters long, is divided into two lifting wings, to skip the ship can be raised to an angle of 83 ° . Each of the more than tysyachetonnyh wing is equipped with a counterweight, minimizing the effort required to raise the bridges and allow for one minute. In the span of movement is driven by a hydraulic system, the water initially, with a working pressure of 50 bar (750 psi). Water is pumped by two steam engines with a total capacity 360 hp. The system was manufactured by «W. G. Armstrong Mitchell ». In 1974, the system has been completely updated - Oil Hydraulics is electric.

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Tate Modern - Gallery of Modern Art in London. It is part of the Tate Gallery, which put the British national collection of modern art from 1500 to the present day, as well a collection of art modernism. In the Tate Modern is a collection of works of international art created since 1900.

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Pedestrian bridge design for the possibility of crossing the bridge even during divorce span. For this purpose, in addition to ordinary sidewalks, located on the edge of the roadway, in the middle of the pedestrian walkway were constructed connecting the towers at a height of 44 meters. To get to the gallery could stairs located inside the towers. Since 1982, the gallery is used as a museum and observation deck.

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Hyde Park - Kings Park area of 1.4 km ² in central London. From the west adjoin Kensington Gardens. Traditional place in political rallies, celebrations and festivals.

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Cathedral Church of St. Peter in Westminster, almost always referred to Westminster Abbey - Gothic church in Westminster (London) to the west of the Palace of Westminster. Built intermittently from 1245 to 1745 years, but retains the gothic look. Traditional place of coronation and burial British monarch monarchs of England. Along with the nearby church of St. Margaret Abbey ranked among the World Heritage Sites. With its identical square towers and delicate arches is an ancient abbey in the English Gothic style is one of the best examples of medieval church architecture. But for the British, it is much more: it is the sanctuary of the nation, a symbol of everything they fought for and fight the British, and here is the place where she was crowned the most of the rulers of the country, many of whom are buried here.

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Natural History Museum - one of the three major museums located outside Exhibition Road in South Kensington. The collection includes more than 70 million items in botany (6,000,000 plants), zoology (55 million copies of the animals, half of which are insects in the department of entomology), mineralogy (500 rocks and minerals) and Paleontology (9 million remains)