Презентация "Green Day"

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History The meaning of this religion is that faith and life must be in one piece and in any case not be divided. Islam in Arabic means surrender to God, and the notion of Islam-the unity of all believers in one single god. Islam came about in the VII century.

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The highest value is considered by Muslims belonging to the Muslim community, it means that a person must attain salvation, and to obtain bliss in paradise. These are the duties to be performed by a Muslim. The first of their belief means that there is no god but Allah. The second duty of the believer is the daily prayer, or as they call it "prayer". Quran - it is a "sacred" book, sacred to followers of all Muslim areas, the followers of all Islamic sects. It serves as the foundation of Muslim law as religious and civil.

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According to Islam, a normal female desire - to a woman valued for character and good works, not for what it is - beautiful, slim and sexy. The Koran enjoins believing women to cover the duty head, neck and chest to protect their honor and dignity - to be treated as an individual and not as an object of uncontrolled sexual desire. Before her husband even though she can not walk naked, and adorn themselves with anything you like. Moreover, Islam prescribes a woman right to take all measures to please her husband.

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Mosque

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Indeed, the mosque pleasing to the eye, adorn our surrounding reality. However, the mosque should attract attention not only its appearance, the external forms, but their imams , their madrassas, carrying the light of faith. Today the mosque is particularly important as centers of spiritual rallying their Muslim congregations, giving young people a highly moral upbringing. The Prophet Muhammad, our (peace and prosperity) said: "For what purpose built mosque, with the purpose and effect." If, after each visit to a mosque strengthened our faith grows, and the soul is purified, refined morality, then, the mosque is not only a phenomenon in our spiritual rebirth as an important part of a single daisy chain. Since then, at the end of the XVIII century Russian tsarism allowed his subjects-Muslims to build mosques, Tatar world rose to a new stage of development. A door opened from the spiritual realm of light in the denseness of the true faith. Very soon open at mosques madrasas become real centers of science, become a truly educational organizations. Mosque of them. RG Galeev Almetyevsk

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Защита окружающей среды является одной из главных проблем современности Environmental protection is one of the main problems of today. Technological progress improves people's lives, but at the same time it causes numerous problems that were unimaginable in the past centuries. Millions of species - animals, birds, fish have already disappeared from our planet; thousands of others will be gone tomorrow. Natural resources are exhausted; the ecology of the planet is disbalanced .

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Большие города лицом экологической катастрофы Big cities face the environmental catastrophe. Concentration of millions of people on a tiny area causes numerous problems. Some of them can be solved only at the expense of creating new ones. For example, air pollution is caused by the ever-increasing number of automobiles that help to cope with the transportation problem.

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Потребность в энергии генерирует загрязнения на больших масштабах The need for energy generates pollution on a large scale. Energy that derives from fossil fuels contaminates the atmosphere. Nuclear power plants threaten air, water and land. The necessity to employ all the inhabitants of the city leads to the creation of new factories that produce not only consumer goods, but wastes and smog as well.

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Тропический лес является естественной утилизации The tropical rain forest is a natural recycler, provider and protector for our planet. It recycles carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, helps determine temperature, rainfall and other climatic conditions and supports the most diverse ecosystem in the world. Deforestation could cause one forth of all species on earth to vanish in the next 25 years.

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Начиная с 1960-х годов проблемы загрязнения получили большую огласку Beginning with the 1960s the pollution problems have received great publicity. Recently the environmental movement has gained widespread support. Environmental activists, organisations of volunteers do their best to stop pollution of our planet. Due to such groups many laws aimed at environmental protection have been passed. Such laws as the Clean Air Act, Water Pollution Control Act, Endangered Species Act led to considerable specific improvements in the environment.

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Тропический лес

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Тропический лес

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Есть многочисленные общественные организации, такие как Гринпис There are numerous public organisations such as Greenpeace that are doing much to preserve environment. The 5th of June is proclaimed the World Environmental Day by the UNO and is celebrated every year.

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Автор : Юнусов артур Ссылки : http://www.ranez.ru/article/id/483 http://www.homeenglish.ru/Articles37.htm http://www.google.ru/

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The Problem of Environmental Protection in Great Britain Environmental protection is an international issue of great importance and Great Britain pays much attention to it. There are nearly 500 000 protected buildings and 7000 conservation areas of architecture of historical interest in Britain. The Government supports the work of the voluntary sector in preserving the national heritage. Total emissions of smoke in the air have fallen by 85 per cent since 1960. Most petrol stations in Britain stock unleaded petrol. The Government is committed to the control of gases emission, which damage the ozone layer. They also contribute to the greenhouse effect, which leads to global warming and a rise in sea levels. Britain stresses the need for studying the science of climate change. Green belts are areas where land should be left open and free from urban sprawl. The Government attaches great importance to their protection. National parks cover 9 per cent of the total land area of England and Wales. The National Rivers Authority protects island waters in England and Wales. In Scotland the River purification authorities are responsible for water pollution control. Great Britain takes care of it's environment for themselves and next generations.

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Problem of air

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Air pollution with toxic emissions into the atmosphere to cause cancer, disorders of the immune system. It kills around three million people in the year. And indeed the situation around us is depressing, but people accustomed to living for today and there are few influential enthusiasts who could stop the factories, or let into use the latest development of ecological fuels for transport ...

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Problem of water Water pollution leads to breeding mosquitoes, because of what every year kills about two million people. Lack of clean water have more than one billion people in that 80% of all infectious diseases transmitted through water

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Problem of soils Pollution and depletion of soils results in the fact that the poisonous substances are absorbed by a people with food and water. Indigestion is guaranteed

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Avoiding man-made disaster At the micro level (within the family or single person), you can make a contribution to the prevention of ecological disaster. What can we do? -Tell you, it all works ... So you do wrong. In the end, those same companies are trying to provide our customer the ability. Whether we are more economical, the situation has improved markedly to and thus we would help "take the climate of yourself!"

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What is a global problem? One definition refers to the global 'problems as a result of the objective of social development, creating a threat to all humanity and requiring for their solution the combined efforts of the entire international community. " The correctness of this definition depends on what the problems are global. If this is the narrow range of higher and planetary problems, it is completely untrue. If we add issues such as natural disasters (it is global in the sense that only a manifestation of the region), then this definition is narrow, restrictive, and what is its meaning. Yuri made an interesting attempt to smooth the classification of global issues, highlighting the three main groups: 1. Problems of political and socio-economic nature. 2. The problems of natural-economic 3. Social problems.

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Major global problemy.Razrushenie environment. At all stages of its development man was closely connected with the outside world. But since appeared highly industrialized society, a dangerous human interference with nature has sharply intensified, expanded scope of this intervention, it has become more diverse and now threatens to become the global threats posed to humanity. Consumption of non-renewable raw materials rises, more and more arable land is eliminated from the economy, as they built cities and factories. A person has to increasingly intervene in the biosphere - the part of the planet in which life exists. Earth's biosphere is currently undergoing a rising human impacts. The most extensive and significant is the chemical pollution of the environment it improper substances of chemical nature. Among them - the gaseous and aerosol pollutants promyshlennobytovogo origin. Progress and the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Further development of this process will intensify undesirable trend towards increasing average global temperature. Are the concern of environmentalists and the continued pollution of the oceans with oil and oil products, has reached even 1 / 5 of its total surface. Oil pollution of this size can cause significant disturbances of gas and water exchange between the hydrosphere and atmosphere. There is no doubt the value of the chemical and pesticide contamination of soil and its acidity, leading to the collapse of the ecosystem. In general, all the above factors, which can be attributed to contaminating effect, exert a significant influence on the processes occurring in the biosphere.

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Pollution of the atmosphere. It is known that air pollution occurs mainly as a result of industry, transport, etc., which in the aggregate annually throw out "the wind" over a billion of solid and gaseous particles. The main pollutants of the atmosphere today are carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. Now generally accepted that the most severely pollute the air with industrial production. Sources of pollution - power plants, which together with the smoke released into the air and carbon dioxide, sulfur, iron and steel enterprises, especially non-ferrous metals that are released into the air of nitrogen oxides, hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, fluoride, ammonia, phosphorus compounds, particles and compounds of mercury and arsenic chemical and cement plants. Harmful gases into the air from burning fuel for industry, residential heating, transportation, incineration and recycling of household and industrial waste. The most common air pollutants come into it mainly in two ways: either in the form of suspended particles or as gases.

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Aerosol - a solid or liquid particles that are suspended in the air. In the atmosphere, aerosol pollution are seen as smoke, fog, haze or smoke. In the Earth's atmosphere annually receives about one cubic km dust particles of artificial origin. A large number of dust particles is also formed during the production activities of people. Information about some man-made sources of dust are as follows: PRODUCTION PROTSESSVYBROS DUST, Mt / YEAR 1. Burning coal 93.60 2. Pig iron 20.21 3. Copper Smelters (without treatment) 6.23 4. Zinc Smelting 0.18 5. Smelting of tin (without treatment) 0.004 6. Lead Smelters 0.13 7. 53.37 Manufacture of cement The main sources of artificial aerosol pollution of air are thermal power plants, processing plants, steel, cement, magnesite and soot plants. Aerosol particles from these sources are very diverse chemical composition. Most often found in their structure compounds of silicon, calcium and carbon, at least - oxides of metals such as iron, magnesium, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel, lead, antimony, bismuth, selenium, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, and asbestos. Even more peculiar variety of organic dusts, including aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, salts of acids. It is formed by the combustion of residual oil in the pyrolysis process in refineries, petrochemical and other similar facilities. Source of dust and poisonous gases are massive blasting. Thus, as a result of a secondary mass explosion (250-300 tons of explosives) in the atmosphere of about 2 thousand cubic meters conventional carbon monoxide and more than 150 thousand dust.

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Contamination of soil. The soil cover of the Earth is a critical component of the Earth's biosphere. That shell determines many soil processes in the biosphere. Soil contamination is difficult to be classified in various sources is given by dividing them in different ways. If we generalize and identify the main, the situation is as follows contamination of the soil: waste, emissions, dumps, suck rocks, heavy metals, pesticides, mycotoxins, radioactive substances. Essential soil is accumulating organic matter, various chemical elements, as well as energy. The soil cover acts as a biological scavenger, a destroyer and converter of various contaminants. If this is the link of the biosphere will be destroyed, current functioning of the biosphere irreversibly disrupted. It's very important to study the biochemical significance of the global soil, its current status and changes under the influence of human activities. One of the types of human impact is the contamination by pesticides. Almost all the pollutants that were originally in the atmosphere, eventually find themselves on the surface of land and water. Deposited aerosols may contain toxic heavy metals - lead, mercury, copper, vanadium, cobalt, and nickel. Usually they are inactive and accumulate in the soil. But the soil with the rains fall as acid. Joining him, metals can be transformed into soluble compounds available to plants. In soluble forms pass from substances constantly present in the soil, which sometimes leads to death of plants.

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Water pollution . Third, no less important than the sky above and earth beneath his feet, a factor of civilization - water resources of the planet. For their needs humanity uses mostly fresh water. Their volume is slightly more than 2% of the hydrosphere, and the distribution of water resources around the globe is very uneven. In Europe and Asia, where 70% of the population is concentrated, only 39% of river water. The total consumption of river water increases from year to year in all parts of the world. It is known, for example, that since the beginning of this century, the consumption of fresh water has increased six-fold, and in the next few decades will rise again, at least 1.5 times. Lack of water is aggravated by the deterioration of its quality. Used in industry, agriculture and domestic water flows back into the water in the form of poorly treated or untreated sewage at all. Thus, pollution of the hydrosphere is primarily a result of discharge into rivers, lakes and seas of industrial, agricultural and domestic wastewater. According to calculations by scientists at the end of the twentieth century, the dilution of most wastewater may need 25 thousand km 3 of fresh water, or virtually all reasonably available resources of the drain! It is not hard to guess that in this, and not in the growth of the direct intake - the main cause of growing fresh water. Currently, among the highly polluted river are many - the Rhine, Danube, Seine, Ohio, the Volga, Dnieper, Dniester, etc. There is a growing pollution of the oceans. And here plays an important role not only pollution discharges, but also getting into the water of seas and oceans of a large number of petroleum products. In general, the most polluted inland seas - the Mediterranean, North Sea, Baltic Sea, the interior of Japan, Javanese, and Biscay, and the Persian Gulf of Mexico. One of the basic health requirements for water quality, is content in her required amount of oxygen. The harmful effect is all the pollution, which in some way, help to reduce the oxygen content in water. Increasing water pollution and runoff is observed in all industrialized countries. Information about the content of some organic substances in industrial waste water is provided below: NUMBER OF POLLUTANTS IN THE WORLD STOCK Mt / YEAR 1. Petroleum products 26.563 2. Phenols 0.460 3. Wastes from the manufacture of synthetic fibers 5.500 4. Vegetable organic remains 0.170 5. Total 33.273

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The Energy Challenge. As we have seen, it is intimately connected with the environmental problem. Of reasonable development of energy the Earth is critically dependent on environmental health and, for half of all gases, causing the "greenhouse effect" is created in the energy sector. Energy balance of the planet is composed primarily of "contaminants" - oil (40.3%), coal (31.2%), gas (23.7%). In total, they account for the vast majority of energy use - 95.2%. "Pure" types - hydro and nuclear power - add up to less than 5%, and most "soft" (non polluting) - wind, solar, geothermal - account for one percent. It is clear that the global objective is to increase the share of "clean" and especially "soft" forms of energy. First, consider the possibility of increasing the proportion of "soft" forms of energy. In coming years, "soft" forms of energy can not significantly change the energy balance of the Earth. It will take some time until their economic performance will be similar to the "traditional" forms of energy. In addition, their ecological capacity is measured not only by a decrease in CO2 emissions, there are other factors, in particular alienated for development of the area.

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Ways to solve environmental problems. Importantly, however, in the fullness of the list of these problems and in understanding their causes, nature, and, most importantly, to identify effective ways of resolving them. The real prospect out of the ecological crisis, a change in industrial activity of man, his lifestyle, his consciousness. Scientific and technological progress creates not only the "overload" for nature, in the most advanced technologies, it provides a means to prevent adverse effects, creates opportunities for cleaner production. There was not only an urgent need and an opportunity to change the nature of technological civilization, to give it the character of nature protection. One direction of this development - the creation of safe production. Using the achievements of science, technological progress can be organized in such a way that waste products do not pollute the environment, and again came to the production cycle as secondary raw material. Example is given by nature itself: the carbon dioxide released by animals, is absorbed by plants, which produce oxygen for breathing animals. Non-waste is a production in which all the raw material, eventually turns into one or another product. If one considers that 98% of the feedstock modern industry translates into waste, it becomes clear need for the task of creating zero waste production. Calculations show that 80% of the waste heat power, mining and coke industries fit into the case. At the same time obtained from these products are often superior in its quality products made from raw materials. For example, the ash of thermal power plants, used as an additive in the manufacture of aerated concrete, approximately twice the strength of the building panels and blocks. Of great importance is the development of nature restoring sectors (forestry, water, fisheries), the development and implementation of materialosberegayuschih and energy saving technologies. The environmental situation necessitates assess the impact of any activity involving interference with the natural environment. Requires environmental review of all technical projects. Even Frederic Joliot-Curie, warned: "It is unacceptable that people were sent to their own destruction are the forces of nature that they were able to discover and conquer." Time is running out. Our objective all available methods to stimulate all initiative and enterprise, aimed at creating and implementing new technologies to address any environmental problems. Facilitate the creation of a large number of supervisory bodies consisting of highly skilled, well-developed on the basis of law in accordance with international agreements on environmental issues. Continuing to deliver information to all nations and peoples on ecology through radio, television and the press, thereby raising the environmental consciousness of the people and promote their spiritual and moral revival according to age

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Conclusion. For thousands of years people lived, worked, developed, but he had no idea that perhaps one day it will be difficult, maybe impossible, to breathe clean air, drink clean water to grow anything on earth, as the air - polluted , water - poisoned soil - contaminated with radiation or other chemicals. But a lot has changed since then. Mankind has come to realize that the further development of technological progress is impossible without assessing the impact of new technologies in the environmental situation. New connections are created by man, must be closed to ensure the permanence of the basic parameters of the Earth system that affect its environmental sustainability The Nature Conservancy - a problem of our age, a problem that has become social. Again and again we hear about the danger to the environment, but still many of us find them unpleasant, but inevitable product of civilization, and believe that we still have time to deal with all the difficulties become apparent. However, the human impact on the environment has taken alarming proportions. To radically improve the situation, you will need concerted and deliberate action. Responsible and effective policy towards the environment will be possible only if we accumulate reliable data on the current state of the environment, sound knowledge of the interaction of important environmental factors, if develop new methods to reduce and prevent harm to human nature. Nature, untouched by civilization, must remain a reserve, which in time when much of the globe will serve industrial, aesthetic and scientific purposes, will become increasingly important standard, criterion, in particular aesthetic, you may receive in the future and present values of other unknown these zones. Therefore a need for rational, evidence-based approach to the practice of expanding wilderness areas, wildlife reserves, the more so as the development of scientific-technical revolution, the amount of negative effects on natural aesthetically valuable objects increases so that the cultural activities aimed at compensation of damage, and sometimes can not cope with their tasks. Hence the need, firstly, to establish a system of conservation measures, and secondly, the scientific rationale and inclusion in this set of criteria aesthetic appreciation of nature, and thirdly, the development of environmental education, improving all kinds of art related to nature. Everyone should be aware that humanity on the verge of death, and we will survive or not? merit of each one of us.

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Список используемой литературы. 1. Монин А.С., Шишков Ю.А. Глобальные экологические проблемы. М.: Знание, 1991. 2. Алексеев С.В. Экология: Учебное пособие для учащихся 9 класса. СПб.: СМИО, 1997. 3. Экокультура: в поисках выхода из экологического кризиса. Хрестоматия по курсу окружающей среды / Сост. Н.Н. Марфенин. М., 1998. 4. Одум Ю. Основы экологии. – М.: Мир, 1975. 5. Радзевич Н.Н., Пашканг К.В. Охрана и преобразование природы. – М.: Просвещение, 1986. 6. Лавров С.Б. Глобальные проблемы современности: часть 1. - СПб.: СПбГУПМ, 1993. 7. Энциклопедия для детей: Т.3 (География). - Сост. С.И. Исмаилова. - М.: Аванта +, 1994.