Проектная работа "Some aspects of the British and Russian character"

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Автор работы: Хузина Сюмбель Фанусовна Научный руководитель: Нуриева Э.Г. МБОУ «Большенуркеевская СОШ» Сармановского района РТ село Большое Нуркеево 2013

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Introduction Part 1. Some aspects of the English and Russian character. 1.1. The English behavior. 1.2. Rules of behavior in Russia. 1.3. English speech etiquette Part 2. The English and Russian pastime 2 .1. The Englishmen’s leisure activities. 2 .2 . The Russians’ leisure activities. 2.3. The results of the survey. Conclusion

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We live in the 21 st century – in the century of globalization. Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies and governments of different nations. Has globalization an impact on people? Globalization extends the areas of interaction between people of different origins. According to Allport’s Contact theory , under certain conditions intergroup contacts can reduce prejudices and negative attitudes towards foreigners. We can focus on the impact of globalization on the openness towards other cultures.

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The problem of our project work is that lack of knowledge about a foreign country, its people, habits and traditions can lead to misunderstanding between the representatives of those countries. The aim is to study some aspects of the English and Russian character.

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The character of people is qualities the people have to make them distinct from other people. While speaking about the British and Russian people, it’s hard to find some distinctive features or similarities between those two nations. We should not try to do, we can just accept the rules set in those countries. In our project work we tried to study the general rules that could make ourselves feel at ease in any of these countries.

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An Englishman is a person who does things because they have been done before . Mark Twain British people keep their traditions and are very proud of them. They are famous for their sense of humour. And, of course, English people are fond of sports. Many continentals think life is a game; the English think cricket is a game. To many Englishmen cricket is both a game and a standard of behavior. When they consider something unfair, they say “That isn't cricket”. 1.1. The English behavior.

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The main distinctive feature of the English people is politeness. Politeness rules of every nation is a complex combination of national traditions, customs and international etiquette. English politeness means being attentive, showing respect towards other people. The general rules of the English behavior: be simple; be attentive; feel at ease; don’t try to seem cleverer or show superiority; no hugs, kissing, embracing, touching of the shoulders or elbow (physical contact should be kept to a minimum). The main thing in relations is to respect others’ freedom and peace.

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Do stand in line ; Do take your hat off when you go indoors (men only); Do say "Excuse Me“ , "Please" and "Thank you"; Do Pay as you Go; Do cover your Mouth when yawning or coughing; Do Shake Hands when you are first introduced to someone; Do say sorry if you accidentally bump into someone; Do Smile - a smiling face is a welcoming face; Do open doors for other people; Do not greet people with a kiss; Avoid talking loudly in public; It is impolite to stare at anyone in public; Do not ask a lady her age; Do not pick your nose in public; Avoid doing gestures such as backslapping and hugging; Do not spit ; Do not ask personal or intimate questions.

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Whether you're visiting Russia for pleasure or business, there are some unwritten codes of behavior you should be aware of : - Most Russians refer to each other by first name plus surname or father's name ; - When visiting someone's apartment, is customary to bring a gift ; - There are a lot of traditions regarding clothes a s well . Most theaters, cinemas, and restaurants have a cloak room, where you should store your coat and hat upon entering, as it is considered rude to wear them indoors. When visiting somebody, you're also expected to remove your shoes. 1.2. Rules of behavior in Russia .

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In Russia the handshake is common. The Russian version is a firm grip with several quick shakes between two men. This is a daily procedure and saying 'hello' isn't enough, even if you know somebody really well. Eye contact during the introduction is very important, and must be maintained as long as the individual is addressing you. Only during greetings Russians display affection in public. Relatives and good friends will engage in an animated embrace and kiss each other on the cheeks.

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DON'T smile unless you mean it. In Russia, smiling a lot can be seen as insincere. DON'T show the bottoms of your feet. It's impolite. DON'T stand around with your hands in your pockets. DON'T point with your finger. Instead, point with your entire hand.

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In 20th century English culture, speech and choice of words were a decisive factor in one's social standing. The play Pygmalion ( George Bernard Shaw,1912 ) illusturates this point by the speech and nature of the two main charaters, Mr. Higgins and Eliza. Pygmalion's satirical viewpoint of social classes is played through the slow movement of Eliza from a simple flower girl to a woman of class and stature. The speech and word choice in Pygmalion play a large role in the plot movement of the play. When Eliza goes to Mr. Higgins for speech lessons, he regards her as a common beggar or a person of a lower social class because of her speech and words. Part 2. The English speech etiquette.

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Even if your speech is correct, it can be difficult to know how to start a conversation, especially if your first language is not English. Small talk gets friendship started and 'breaks the ice' before important business meetings and other events. Part 2. The English speech etiquette.

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- Introductions, e.g. "Hello. May I introduce myself? My name is Mark" - Travel, e.g. "Did you manage to find here OK?" or " Did you have a good journey?" - Family, e.g. "How is your family? " (but only if you already know about the person's family) - Hospitality, e.g. "Can I get you something to eat or drink?" - The weather, e.g. "It's a lovely day today, isn't it?" - Holidays, e.g. "Are you going anywhere this weekend?" or "Are you going anywhere on holiday this year?" - Nature, e.g. "The garden looks lovely, doesn't it?" - Pets, e.g. " What a lovely dog. What is his name?" (British people love animals) - General news, e.g, "What do you think about the recent floods?" (but safer to avoid gossip and politics) - Films, e.g, "Have you seen the film Bridget Jones's Diary?“ - Work, e.g. "What sort of work do you do?" - Food, e.g. "I had a lovely Chinese meal last night - do you like Chinese food?" - General matters about the person you are talking to, e.g. "Have you lived in this area long?" - General matters on subjects that you know that interests the person you are talking to, e.g. cars, film stars etc.

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- Age, e.g. "How old are you?" - Appearance or weight, e.g. "You seem to have put on some weight" - Personal gossip about somebody you know - Jokes that might offend - Money, e.g. "How much do you earn?“ - Previous or current relationships, e.g. "Do you have a girlfriend?" - Politics, e.g. "Who did you vote for at the last election?" - Religion, e.g. "Do you believe in God?" - Criticisms or complaints, e.g. "Why is British food so bad?"

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British people keep their traditions and are very proud of them. The main distinctive feature of the English people is politeness. T here are some unwritten codes of behavior one should be aware of in Russia. Even if your speech is correct, it can be difficult to know how to start a conversation, especially if your first language is not English. That’s why one should know about “small talk”.

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4. Euro stat survey, the EU's statistical office, discovered that people in Britain spend about 45% of their free time watching television , 24% of their free time socializing , 22-23% on sport and hobbies , and 10% on other activities. Other popular leisure activities are listening to the radio, listening to music, reading, gardening, eating out and going to the cinema . 5. An opinion poll held among our friends and relatives allows to judge that there are a lot of common features between the British and Russians. The Russian people have the same leisure activities as the British. The difference is only in numbers.

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You’re so nice to be with!" These words are a fine compliment for anyone to receive. Goo d manners, those that help people become "nice to be with," are what etiquette is all about. Having studied the rules of behavior, speech etiquette, accepted in Britain and Russia, their habits, we can perfect th e international relationships. And moreover we can change opinions of foreigners about Russia and its people for the better.