Растительные символы Объединённого Королевства

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Shamrock The shamrock refers to the young sprigs of clover or trefoil. It is known as a symbol of Ireland, with St. Patrick having used it as a metaphor for the Christian Trinity, according to legend. The name shamrock is derived from Irish seamróg , which is the diminutive version of the Irish word for clover ( seamair ) meaning simply "little clover" or "young clover". Shamrock is usually considered to refer to either the species Trifolium dubium (lesser clover, Irish: seamair bhuí ) or Trifolium repens (white clover, Irish: seamair bhán ). However, other three-leaved plants—such as Medicago lupulina , Trifolium pratense , and Oxalis acetosella —are sometimes called shamrocks or clovers. The shamrock was traditionally used for its medicinal properties and was a popular motif in Victorian times.

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As St. Patrick is Ireland's patron saint, shamrock has been used as a symbol of Ireland since the 18th century, in a similar way to how a rose is used for England, thistle for Scotland and leek for Wales. The shamrock has been registered as a trademark by the Government of Ireland . In the early 1980s, Ireland defended its right to use the shamrock as its national symbol in a German trademark case, which included high-level representation from taoiseach Charles Haughey . Having originally lost, Ireland won on appeal to the German Supreme Court in 1985. Traditionally, shamrock is said to have been used by Saint Patrick to illustrate the Christian doctrine of the Trinity when Christianising Ireland in the 5th century. However it should be emphasised that nowhere in any writings of St. Patrick himself, or in any of the later accounts of the saint's life by other authors, is there any mention of the shamrock, so the tradition that he used the shamrock to teach the Holy Trinity is probably false. Nevertheless, the evidence indicates that the tradition in Ireland of wearing the shamrock on St. Patrick's Day dates from at least the end of the Seventeenth Century.

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Thistle Some thistles (for example Cirsium vulgare , native to Eurasia), have been widely introduced outside their native range. Control measures include Trichosirocalus weevils, but a problem with this approach, at least in North America, is that the introduced weevils may affect native thistles at least as much as the desired targets.

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According to a legend, an invading Norse army was attempting to sneak up at night upon a Scottish army's encampment. During this operation one barefoot Norseman had the misfortune to step upon a thistle, causing him to cry out in pain, thus alerting Scots to the presence of the Norse invaders. Some sources suggest the specific occasion was the Battle of Largs , which marked the beginning of the departure of King Haakon IV (Haakon the Elder) of Norway who, having control of the Northern Isles and Hebrides, had harried the coast of the Kingdom of Scotland for some years. Which species of thistle is referred to in the original legend is disputed. Popular modern usage favours Cotton Thistle Onopordum acanthium , perhaps because of its more imposing appearance, though it is unlikely to have occurred in Scotland in mediaeval times; the Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare , an abundant native species in Scotland, is a more likely candidate. Other species, including Dwarf Thistle Cirsium acaule , Musk Thistle Carduus nutans , and Melancholy Thistle Cirsium heterophyllum have also been suggested.

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Tudor rose The Tudor rose (sometimes called the Union rose) is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England and takes its name and origins from the Tudor dynasty. Depicted as a double rose, made in the "natural" colors: white flower on top of scarlet, and divided into four sectors of red and white, or in two scarlet and white vertical stripe down the middle name and the origin of the logo associated with the circumstances of the English royal house of Tudor .

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The Tudor rose (sometimes called the Union rose) is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England and takes its name and origins from the Tudor dynasty. Depicted as a double rose, made in the "natural" colors: white flower on top of scarlet, and divided into four sectors of red and white, or in two scarlet and white vertical stripe down the middle name and the origin of the logo associated with the circumstances of the English royal house of Tudor .

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Daffodil Daffodil is the symbol of Wales . In language of flowers the daffodil means deceptive hopes , desires , egoism. Still a daffodil call “an oblivion grass”. Originally leek was an emblem of Wales. But Welshmen are convinced that yellow daffodils, early spring flowers , are dismissed specially by a holiday of their darling St. Devid therefore they also consider as a symbol of Wales and this flower.

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Precisely it isn’t know,but it is possible,the daffodil became a symbol of Wales as a result of confusion in transfer as on Welsh leek and a daffodil are designated in a word.

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Источники: http:// www.intstudycen.com/tudor_rose.php http :// www.from-ireland.net/history/The-Real-Irish-Shamrock#realshamrock http ://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Daffodills_(Narcissus)_-_ 25.jpg?uselang=ru http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Чертополох http:// news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3519116.stm