Вашингтон

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The capital Washington - the capital of the USA, located within a single Federal district of Columbia. Usually, Washington called the Washington or simply the District of Columbia. In Washington are the Central bodies of state of the USA, headquarters of international organizations

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The origin of the city On July 16, 1790 Congress of the USA has allocated under the Federal capital of Washington territory at the junction of the States of Virginia and Maryland. Location for city chose George Washington, who believed that after the construction of the channel of the river Potomac river will become an important waterway that connects the Ohio and internal territories of the United States and its capital. September 9, 1791, the town was officially named in honor of the first President George Washington, and a year later, on October 13, 1792, was laid the residence of the President, which in 1811, began to call the White house. In 1800 the government finally moved to Washington and on February 27, 1801 D.C. came under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Congress.

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Washington in the XIX century On August 24, 1814, in the period of the Anglo-American war, British forces seized Washington and they have set fire to all government and public buildings of the city, but the rising storm forced the invaders to leave the city, where and returned members of the U.S. government headed by President James Madison. According to the law about the included territories, passed by the U.S. Congress in 1878, the boundaries of the city of Washington equated to the borders of the district of Columbia. Washington, DC was abolished, but Georgetown, being a part of the Washington, nominally considered a separate city until 1895.

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Washington in the XX - the beginning of XXI century The abolition of slavery in the territory of Washington and the district of Columbia in 1862 contributed to the inflow of here African-American population. 23-amendment to the Constitution, adopted by the Congress on may 21, 1961, given the population of Washington the right to elect 3 members of the electoral College, making the decision on nomination of the President and Vice-President of the USA. In 1973 Congress adopted the Federal law concerning partial self-government of Washington and the district of Columbia by transferring part of the authority of the mayor and the Legislative Council. From February 27, 1801 up to the present time the city of Washington and the district of Columbia are under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Congress. Certain powers have a mayor and a Legislative Council, however, all of the legal acts adopted by municipal authorities, subject to the approval of Congress.

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United States Capitol High above hill Capitol tower and the dome of the rotunda of the Capitol. On the friezes and the frescoes were sealed for 400 years history of the United States

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National Mall

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The national museums of Washington National Air and Space Museum National Museum of Natural History National Museum of American History

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Education In Washington there are 129 public schools and training centers, in 2009-2010 studied in them about 45 000 people. However, since 1999 the number of students is constantly decreasing. Because of the problems with public schools since 2001 in the city is constantly growing number of Charter schools; there are now 52, and in them learn about 28 000 people. Also 18 000 people (as of 2006) are enrolled in 83 private schools of the city. Higher education in the city provide public and private universities and colleges. Colleges as the universities, offer a four-year training program. Some of them exist separately, some are part of universities (at George Washington University, for example, such colleges there are 12). The oldest University of the city - Georgetown University, founded in 1789; it is the oldest Catholic University in the United States.