Welcome to Russia

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Welcome t o Russia, my foreign friends! I am your guide , Alex Kaplunenko and today I’d like to show and tell you something about one of the most interesting regions of our country. It’s the Altay region. We begin our excursion with geographical position and peculiarities of the region.

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The Altay region is located in the southeast of the Western Siberia, occupies a part of the Altai and adjoining to it in the north of a part of the West Siberian plain; borders on Kazakhstan, the Novosibirsk and Kemerovo regions, Republic Altai. The total area is 169100 sq. km. Geographical position and peculiarities

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The Altay region is located in steppe and forest-steppe zones, steppe and foothill parts, and also natural areas, such as Kulundinsky steppe, the Ore Altai, the Priobsky plateau, foothills of the Altai are allocated for its territories. Gradually raising to the east, the Kulundinsky plain becomes the Priobsky plateau. The fresh and salty lakes which have settled down in hollows of an ancient drain, are connected among themselves by channels of the rivers in original chains. The Bijsko-Chumyshskaja height (places reaches 500) and the Prealtay foothill plain are stretched on the northwest. They are transitive zones between plain and mountains of the Altai.

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There are a lot of rivers and lakes in the Altay region. The main river is the deep Ob (within edge - 493 km) which is formed at merge of the Bii and the Katun , in 20 km to southwest from Biisk . Ob is opened in the middle of April, in its high water there are frequent floods. Autumn freezeup begins in the first decade of November, the greatest thickness of ice by the end of winter reaches 80-130 cm. There are three large inflows of Ob, the Aley and the Charish are left and the Chumish is right. The territory most part is irrigated with the rivers of pool of the Ob and its sources - the Bii and the Katun , other rivers belong to drainless pool of Kulundinsky steppe. Residual lakes of Kulundinsky steppe are Kulundinsky , Kuchuksky , Big Summer, Bridge, Burlinsky . They possess is bitter- saltish taste and are famous for medical and mineral properties. Often enough small lakes meet and on high sites of ancient valleys and in bottomland of the rivers. Manzheroksky is the largest of them and located in a bend of an ancient valley of the Katun .

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Climate in flat territory of the Altay region is sharply continental. The warmest summer in region is there, but winter is cold, with strong frosts. Average temperature of January-18°C, July - +17 °C. Frosts in the end of December-January can reach-35°C, and at the time of separate July days air gets warm to +38 °С. As the plain is opened for penetration of air weights from the Arctic ocean and Northern Kazakhstan, so weather is unstable there, with frequent differences of temperatures at any time year, strong winds and deposits. There are dusty storms, more often in May, blizzards and snow-storms are frequent in November, February and March In Kulundinsky steppe. Winter is softer, and summer is cooler In foothills of the Altai. And that’s why you’d rather take more summer and sport clothes if you are going to visit the Altay region in summer but don’t forget about umbrellas. Speaking of the weather…

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The Altaians are the radical people that occupy mountains and foothills of geographical Altai. Nowadays the Altaians are subdivided on small nationalities: the Altaians , the Teleuts , the Shortzes , the Telengits and the Uryanhaitzes . Population of the Altay region is 2 653 000 people. Today the Altay region is one of those regions, in which it is still possible to see all variety of traditional culture of the radical people such as the Altaians , the Russian old resident and the old believe population and the Kazakhs who have been living there for more than 100 years. Population and customs

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Traditional holidays and games which present all magnificence of the antiquity and the present should impress the modern person, especially townspeople and they can think that they have got to absolutely another world, in another existential measurement. The Altay pagans have the most important holiday for them that is called Tjazhyl-dyr (means green leaves), it is a holiday of the beginning of summer. It is similar to Russian Trinity. It is celebrated in June, during a white full moon, in a new moon. Saaryl-dyr (means yellow leaves) is celebrated in autumn. During this holiday the Altaians ask good winter. Alternate years in the Mountain Altai the national holiday of national games El- Ojyn is had. Representatives of all areas of Altai gather, delegations from Mongolia, Tuva , Kazakhstanthere arrive on this holiday. Competitions, sports meets, costumed processions, performances of actors, competition of a national suit are arranged.

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They are modest and hospitable, good fellow travellers and talented story-tellers. Traditional dwelling of the Altaians is an ail. It is six-coal construction (6 is symbolical number for the Altaians ) consits of wooden bars with the peaked roof is covered with bark, at the top of roof there is the aperture for smoke. The modern Altaians use ail as summer kitchen, preferring to live in bigger log huts. The meal of the Altaians includes basically meat (mutton, beef, a horse-flesh), milk, sour-milk products. More about the Altaians …

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So, it is time to finish our excursion. But I consider it was not bad and you have known many interesting and useful facts about this region. Thank you very much, guys, for participating! Hope to meet you again! Good bye!

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“ Kirill and Mephodiy’s great encyclopediya ” Internet sites: http://www.grani.agni-age.net/articles2/altai.htm http://tourbina.ru/guide/86548/memo/?gclid=CN-T7MGe46QCFVhc4wodlVSVKg Sources of information My teacher is Yevgeniya Belogubets